Table 1.

Metabolites used in the biomarker panel developed by CDC National Center for Environmental Health

Biomarker Class	Full compound name	Parent compound	Abbreviation	CV (%)
Nicotine and its metabolites	cotinine	Nicotine	COTT1	4.6
	trans-3'-hydroxycotinine	Nicotine	HCTT1	4.3
	cotinine N-oxide	Nicotine	COXT2	7.3
	norcotinine	Nicotine	NCTT2	6.7
	nicotine	Nicotine	NICT2	2.5
	nicotine 1'-oxide	Nicotine	NOXT2	5.0
	nornicotine	Nicotine	NNCT2	3.7
Other tobacco alkaloids	anabasine	Anabasine	ANBT2	3.1
	anatabine	Anatabine	ANTT2	3.9
Tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNAs)	N′-nitrosoanabasine	NAB	NABT2	4.1
	N′-nitrosoanatabine	NAT	NATT2	4.6
	4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol	NNK	NNAL2	1.4
	N′-nitrosonornicotine	NNN	NNNT2	13.7
Metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)	1 -Hydroxynaphthalene	Naphthalene/carbaryl*	1-nap1	2.2
	2-Hydroxynaphthalene	Naphthalene	2-nap1	2.9
	1 -Hydroxyphenanthrene	Phenanthrene	1-phe1	7.5
	Sum of 2- and 3-hydroxyphenanthrene	Phenanthrene	∑2,3phe1	6.9
	2-Hydroxyfluorene	Fluorene	2-flu1	3.1
	3-Hydroxyfluorene	Fluorene	3-flu1	5.7
	1 -Hydroxypyrene	Pyrene	1-pyr1	20.1
Metabolites of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)	2-Methylhippuric acid	Xylene	2MHA1	7.4
	3-Methylhippuric acid + 4 Methylhippuric acid	Xylene	34MH1	10.8
	N-Acetyl-S-(2-carbamoylethyl)-L-cysteine	Acrylamide	AAMA1	13.5
	N-Acetyl-S-(2-carbamoyl-2-hydroxyethyl)-L-cysteine	Acrylamide	GAMA1	11.0
	N-Acetyl-S-(1-cyano-2-hydroxyethyl)-L-cysteine	Acrylonitrile	CYHA1	16.5
	N-Acetyl-S-(2-cyanoethyl)-L-cysteine	Acrylonitrile	CYMA1	12.3
	N-Acetyl-S- (2-carboxyethyl)-L-cysteine	Acrolein	CEMA1	12.8
	N-Acetyl-S- (3-hydroxypropyl)-L-cysteine	Acrolein	HPMA1	15.1
	N-Acetyl-S-(benzyl)-L-cysteine	Toluene*	BMA1	12.2
	Mandelic acid	Styrene	MADA1	21.4
	Phenylglyoxylic acid	Ethylbenzene/styrene	PHGA1	13.6
	N-Acetyl-S-(phenyl)-L-cysteine	Benzene	PMA1	17.3
	N-Acetyl-S- (2-hydroxypropyl)-L-cysteine	Propylene oxide	HPM21	10.1
	N-Acetyl-S-(N-methylcarbamoyl)-L-cysteine	Dimethylformamide*	AMCA1	11.8
	N-Acetyl-S- (3,4-dihydroxybutyl)-L-cysteine	1,3-Butadiene	DHBM1	11.5
	N-Acetyl-S-(4-hydroxy-2-buten-1-yl)-L-cysteine	1,3-Butadiene	MHB31	15.3
	N-Acetyl-S-(3-hydroxypropyl-1-methyl)-L-cysteine	Crotonaldehyde	HPMM1	11.3
	N-Acetyl-S-(4-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)-L-cysteine	Isoprene	IPM31	17.1
	2-Thioxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid	Carbon disulfide	TTCA1	10.1

CV: Coefficient of variation

^*Multiple other parent chemicals can also be metabolized to these compounds.

¹Measured in all individuals

²Measured only among those with a cotinine above 20 ng/mL.