Table 1. Main characteristics of the eligible studies.
| Study | Location | Study design | Study period | Assessment | Subgroup | No. of patients | Age, yr | ISS | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |||||||
| Boutefnouchet et al.12 | UK | Observational, single center | 2008–2010 | MT | MTP 1 | 52 | 40.8 | 16.4 | 25.5 | 13.0 |
| MTP 2 | 66 | 41.3 | 19.8 | 30.7 | 14.2 | |||||
| Broxton et al.13 | USA | Observational, single center | 2014–2015 | MT | MT (+) | 16 | 42.0 | 17.0 | ||
| MT (−) | 42 | 44.0 | 21.0 | |||||||
| Hamidi et al.14 | USA | Observational, TQIP database | 2013–2014 | MT | Level I trauma center | 2,184 | 40.0 | 20.0 | 29.5 | 3.7 |
| MT | Level II trauma center | 594 | 41.0 | 19.0 | 27.5 | 3.3 | ||||
| Huber-Wagner et al.15 | Germany | Observational, German databasea | 1993–2001 | MT | Group I (0–9 pRBC) | 7,021 | ||||
| Group II (10–19 pRBC) | 661 | |||||||||
| Group III (20–29 pRBC) | 253 | |||||||||
| Group IV (≥ 30 pRBC) | 148 | |||||||||
| Johansson et al.16 | Denmark | Observational, single center | 2010–2011 | MT | Non-survivors | 21 | 63.4 | 8.5 | 32.2 | 3.3 |
| Survivors | 161 | 40.8 | 4.2 | 15.3 | 2.8 | |||||
| Maegele et al.17 | Germany | Observational, German databasea | 2002–2006 | MT | pRBC:FFP ratio > 1.1 | 484 | 41.0 | 19.0 | 41.0 | 16.0 |
| pRBC:FFP ratio 0.9–1.1 | 114 | 40.0 | 18.0 | 41.0 | 14.0 | |||||
| pRBC:FFP ratio < 0.9 | 115 | 37.0 | 16.0 | 41.0 | 13.0 | |||||
| Meyer et al.10 | USA | RCT | 2012–2013 | MT | With MT | 301 | 35.3 | 4.5 | 32.5 | 3.3 |
| PROPPR (secondary analysis) | CAT | With CAT | 521 | 35.3 | 4.2 | 28.3 | 3.8 | |||
| RI | ≥ 4 units | 445 | 35.8 | 4.5 | 29.3 | 3.8 | ||||
| Moore et al.18 | USA | Observational, multicenter (7 centers) | 2005–2006 | MT | With MT | 113 | 38.0 | 17.0 | 32.0 | 16.0 |
| Without MT | 267 | 39.0 | 17.0 | 26.0 | 15.0 | |||||
| Murry et al.19 | USA | Observational, single center | 2011–2013 | MT | Non-elderly (< 60) | 52 | 35.0 | 11.0 | 32.0 | 15.8 |
| Elderly (≥ 60) | 14 | 73.0 | 12.0 | 28.0 | 10.7 | |||||
| Nunez et al.20 | USA | Observational, single center | 2005–2006 | MT | With MT | 76 | 40.0 | 18.0 | 32.7 | 3.2 |
| Without MT | 510 | 48.0 | 24.0 | 22.0 | 4.0 | |||||
| Ogura et al.21 | Japan | Observational, single center | 2008–2009 | MT | With MT | 62 | 64.0 | 20.7 | 30.1 | 14.4 |
| 2010–2012 | Without MT | 57 | 50.6 | 26.6 | 26.1 | 76.5 | ||||
| Ohmori et al.22 | Japan | Observational, single center | 2007–2015 | MT | With MT | 74 | 78.0 | 1.7 | 34.0 | 2.8 |
| Without MT | 306 | 77.0 | 1.8 | 22.0 | 1.7 | |||||
| Mitra et al.6 | Australia | Observational, single center | 2004–2008 | With MT | 303 | 42.8 | 19.9 | 34.8 | 3.2 | |
| Without MT | 84 | 43.0 | 19.2 | 29.3 | 3.8 | |||||
| Pommerening et al.3 | USA | Observational, multicenter (10 centers) | 2009–2010 | MT | With MT | 221 | 38.0 | 4.7 | ||
| Without MT | 745 | 38.5 | 5.0 | |||||||
| Rahbar et al.9 | USA | Observational, multicenter (10 centers) | 2009–2010 | RI | ≥ 4 units | 473 | 37.5 | 4.7 | 27.0 | 3.7 |
| PROMMTT (secondary analysis) | < 4 units | 762 | 38.8 | 5.2 | 23.5 | 3.3 | ||||
| Stone et al.23 | USA | Observational, single center | 2012–2015 | MT | With MT | 8 | 59.1 | 20.5 | 31.1 | 15.8 |
| Without MT | 59 | 38.8 | 17.0 | 8.2 | 3.0 | |||||
| CAT | With CAT | 21 | 46.8 | 19.6 | 20.1 | 5.5 | ||||
| Without CAT | 46 | 38.7 | 17.6 | 7.6 | 2.6 | |||||
| Tran et al.24 | Canada | Observational, single center | 2014–2017 | MT | With MT | 48 | 40.5 | 33.8 | 6.8 | |
| CAT | With CAT | 145 | 53.0 | 28.5 | 3.3 | |||||
ISS = injury severity score, SD = standard deviation, MT = massive transfusion (≥ 10 pRBC/24 hours), CAT = critical administration threshold (≥3 pRBC/1 hour), RI = resuscitation intensity, MTP = massive transfusion protocol, pRBC = packed red blood cells, FFP = fresh frozen plasma, TQIP = the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program, PROPPR = the Pragmatic, Randomized, Optimal Platelet and Plasma Ratios trial, RCT = randomized controlled trial, PROMMTT = Prospective, Observational, Multicenter, Major Trauma Transfusion study.
aThe trauma registry of the German trauma society.