Table 3. Past History and Biochemical Characteristics of Participants with and Without GDM.
| Variable | GDM (%) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No (N = 848) | Yes (N = 156) | ||
| Past history, No. (%) | |||
| History of abortion | 74 (8.7) | 42 (27.1) | < 0.001 |
| History of macrosomia | 0 (0.0) | 7 (4.5) | < 0.001 |
| History of congenital malformation | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0.845 |
| History of GDM | 1 (0.1) | 9 (5.8) | < 0.001 |
| History of IFG or IGT | 0 (0.0) | 5 (3.2) | < 0.001 |
| Family history of DM | 68 (8.0) | 27 (17.4) | < 0.001 |
| History of HTN | 1 (0.1) | 3 (1.9) | 0.013 |
| Biochemical characteristics, mean ±SD | |||
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 12.4 ± 0.8 | 12.4 ± 1.4 | 0.953 |
| FPG, mg/dL | 76.5 ± 5.7 | 93.9 ± 8.5 | < 0.001 |
| Weight gain, kg | 5.2 ± 1.6 | 8.0 ± 2.0 | < 0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.0 ± 2.8 | 27.3 ± 4.6 | < 0.001 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; HTN, hypertension; IFG, impaired fasting glucose; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance