Table 1.
Comparison between high, intermediate and low risk groups
| Parameters | Low risk group (n = 24) | Intermediate group (n = 38) | High risk group (n = 66) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (median, range) | 54 (31-68) | 52 (38-72) | 52 (33-63) | 0.14 |
| Sex | 0.0004 | |||
| Male | 16 (66.7%) | 32 (84%) | 64 (97%) | |
| Female | 8 (33.3%) | 6 (16%) | 2 (3%) | |
| Aetiology of cirrhosis | 0.20 | |||
| Alcohol | 8 (33.3%) | 19 (50%) | 40 (60.6%) | |
| Hepatitis B | 4 (16.7%) | 2 (5.25%) | 6 (9.1%) | |
| Hepatitis C | 0 | 2 (5.25%) | 2 (3%) | |
| Cryptogenic | 12 (50%) | 15 (39.5%) | 18 (27.3%) | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 6 (25%) | 13 (34.2%) | 24 (36.7%) | 0.59 |
| Type of SBP | < 0.0001 | |||
| Community acquired | 22 (91.6%) | 18 (47.4%) | 12 (18.2%) | |
| Health care associated | 2 (8.4%) | 20 (52.6%) | 39 (59%) | |
| Nosocomial | 0 | 0 | 15 (22.8%) | |
| Cirrhosis-related complications | 0.001 | |||
| None | 21 (87.5%) | 20 (52.6%) | 29 (44%) | |
| One or more | 3 (12.5%) | 18 (47.4%) | 37 (56%) | |
| Baseline serum creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.03 | |||
| Median, range | 0.7 (0.5-0.9) | 1.7 (0.7-4.6) | 1.9 (1.2-5.3) | |
| Baseline serum bilirubin (mg/dl) | 0.001 | |||
| Median, range | 2.3 (1.9-3.9) | 4.6 (1.8-22.6) | 9.7 (4.3-32.8) | |
| Baseline MELD | 0.04 | |||
| Median, range | 19 (13-24) | 23 (16-36) | 24 (15-40) | |
| Baseline serum sodium (meq/l) | 0.23 | |||
| Median, range | 133 (126-140) | 131 (114-147) | 132 (118-150) | |
| Duration of albumin given (days) | 0.56 | |||
| Median, range | 5 (3-6) | 5 (1-8) | 5 (3-7) | |
| Adverse effects of albumin | None | Chest congestion in 4 | Chest congestion in 5 | NA |
| Antibiotic escalation | None | 16 (42.1%) | 56 (84.8%) | NA |
| Outcome | NA | |||
| Recovered | 24 (100%) | 27 (71%) | 38 (58%) | |
| Expired | 0 (0%) | 11 (29%) | 28 (42%) |