1.
The incidence of pseudoprogression in published clinical trials and retrospective studies
| Author | Immunotherapy agents | No. of
evaluated patients |
No. of
pseudoprogression patients |
Rate (%) | Evaluation criteria |
| NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; RCC, renal cell carcinoma; HNSCC, head and neck squamous cell cancer. | |||||
| Melanoma | |||||
| Wolchok et al.19 | Ipilimumab | 227 | 22 | 9.69 | WHO/irRC |
| O'Day et al.20 | Ipilimumab | 155 | 12 | 7.74 | mWHO/irRC |
| Di Giacomo et al.21 | Ipilimumab | 27 | 2 | 7.41 | mWHO |
| Ribas et al.22 | Tremelimumab | 36 | 1 | 2.78 | RECIST v1.0 |
| Millward et al.23 | Tremelimumab and toll-like receptor-9 agonist | 16 | 1 | 6.25 | RECIST v1.0 |
| Topalian et al.24 | Nivolumab | 107 | 4 | 3.74 | RECIST v1.0 |
| Weber et al.25 | Nivolumab | 120 | 10 | 8.33 | RECIST v1.1 |
| Robert et al.26 | Nivolumab | 206 | 17 | 8.25 | RECIST v1.1 |
| Hodi et al.18 | Pembrolizumab | 327 | 24 | 7.34 | RECIST v1.1 |
| Nishino et al.27 | Pembrolizumab | 107 | 4 | 3.74 | irRECIST |
| NSCLC | |||||
| Gettinger et al.28 | Nivolumab | 129 | 6 | 4.65 | RECIST v1.0 |
| Borghaei et al.29 | Nivolumab | 287 | 16 | 5.57 | RECIST v1.1 |
| Gettinger et al.30 | Nivolumab | 52 | 3 | 5.77 | RECIST v1.1 |
| Fujimoto et al.31 | Nivolumab | 542 | 14 | 2.58 | RECIST v1.1 |
| Kim et al.32 | Anti PD-1/PD-L1/CTLA-4 antibody | 41 | 2 | 4.88 | RECIST v1.1/irRC |
| Katz et al.33 | Anti PD-L1 antibody | 166 | 3 | 1.81 | RECIST v1.1 |
| Tazdait et al.34 | Anti PD-L1/PD-1 antibody | 160 | 8 | 5.00 | RECIST v1.1 |
| RCC | |||||
| McDermott et al.35 | Nivolumab | 34 | 3 | 8.82 | RECIST v1.0 |
| McDermott et al.36 | Atezolizumab | 70 | 2 | 2.86 | RECIST v1.1/irRC |
| Urothelial carcinoma | |||||
| Powles et al.37 | Atezolizumab | 67 | 1 | 1.49 | RECIST v1.1 |
| Rosenberg et al.38 | Atezolizumab | 310 | 21 | 6.77 | RECIST v1.1 /imRECIST |
| Massard et al.39 | Durvalumab | 42 | 3 | 7.14 | RECIST v1.1 |
| Uveal melanoma | |||||
| Danielli et al.40 | Ipilimumab | 9 | 1 | 11.11 | mWHO |
| HNSCC | |||||
| Seiwert et al.41 | Pembrolizumab | 56 | 1 | 1.79 | RECIST v1.1 |
| Merkel cell carcinoma | |||||
| Kaufman et al.42 | Avelumab | 88 | 1 | 1.14 | RECIST v1.1 |
| Mesothelioma | |||||
| Calabro et al.43 | Tremelimumab | 29 | 2 | 6.90 | RECIST v1.1/irRC |
| Multiple cancer type | |||||
| Topalian et al.44 | Nivolumab | 236 | 8 | 3.39 | RECIST v1.0 |