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. 2019 Dec 20;34(12):2443–2455. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dez180

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© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

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Intratubular cell apoptosis in testicular fragments cultured for 5 weeks. (a) TUNEL staining (brown). Scale bars: black = 50 μm; grey = 100 μm. (b) Percentage of intratubular cell apoptosis in fresh (pink) and cryopreserved (blue) testicular fragments cultured in medium without (medium I; faint colour) or with FSH/LH supplementation (medium II; dark colour). Single dots represent results from individual patients, and the boxplot displays the median and 25th and 75th percentiles of all patients at each time point in culture. Mixed-effect linear model revealed a statistically significant increase (P ≤ 0.001) during culture.