Table 2. Risk factors for latent class phenotypes.
Healthy n (%) |
Current wheeze/asthma n (%) |
Early transient wheeze n (%) |
Mild asthma n (%) |
Moderate asthma n (%) |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | 228 (49.7) | 21 (55.3) RR 1.1 (0.8, 1.5) |
70 (61.4) RR 1.2 (1.0, 1.5) |
38 (57.6) RR 1.2 (0.9, 1.5) |
39 (52.0) RR 1.1 (0.8, 1.4) |
Maternal asthma | 38 (8.3) | 6 (15.8) RR 1.9 (0.9, 4.3) |
14 (12.3) 1.5 (0.8, 2.8) |
20 (30.3) RR 3.7 (2.3, 5.9) c |
22 (29.3) RR 3.5 (2.2, 5.6)c |
Paternal asthma | 36 (7.8) | 3 (7.9) RR 1.0 (0.3, 3.0) |
12 (10.5) RR 1.4 (0.6, 3.0) |
13 (19.7) RR 2.7 (1.5, 4.8)b |
16 (21.3) RR 3.1 (1.9, 5.3)c |
Mother smoking ever | 187 (40.7) | 16 (42.1) RR 1.0 (0.7, 1.6) |
54 (47.4) RR 1.2 (0.9, 1.5) |
28 (42.4) RR 1.0 (0.7, 1.5) |
25 (33.3) RR 0.8 (0.6, 1.2) |
Father smoking ever | 159 (35.1) | 13 (34.2) RR 1.0 (0.6, 1.6) |
36 (33.3) RR 1.0 (0.7, 1.4) |
25 (37.9) RR 1.1 (0.7, 1.6) |
17 (23.3) RR 0.7 (0.4, 1.1) |
Mothers education < year 12 | 79 (17.5) | 8 (21.1) RR 1.2 (0.6, 2.4) |
16 (14.2) RR 0.8 (0.5, 1.4) |
12 (18.2) RR 1.0 (0.6, 2.0) |
9 (12.2) RR 0.7 (0.3, 1.4) |
Fathers education < year 12 | 130 (28.8) | 13 (34.2) RR 1.2 (0.7, 2.0) |
41 (36.0) RR 1.3 (0.9, 1.8) |
18 (27.3) RR 1.0 (0.6, 1.6) |
22 (29.7) RR 1.0 (0.7, 1.6) |
Birth weight underweight <2500 g | 138 (37.1) | 10 (33.3) RR 0.9 (0.5, 1.5) |
24 (26.7) RR 0.7 (0.5, 1.1) |
25 (45.5) RR 1.2 (0.9, 1.7) |
20 (29.9) RR 0.8 (0.5, 1.2) |
Preterm < 37 weeks | 168 (38.8) | 20 (54.1) RR 1.4 (1.0, 2.0) |
46 (40.7) RR 1.1 (0.8, 1.4) |
34 (53.1) RR 1.4 (1.1, 1.8)a |
32 (42.7) RR 1.1 (0.8, 1.5) |
No older siblings | 191 (41.6) | 17 (44.7) RR 1.1 (0.7, 1.6) |
53 (46.5) RR 1.1 (0.9, 1.5) |
31 (47.0) RR 1.1 (0.8, 1.6) |
36 (48.0) R 1.2 (0.9, 1.5) |
Nil breast feeding | 34 (7.4) | 4 (10.5) RR 1.4 (0.4, 4.5) |
9 (7.9) RR 1.1 (0.4, 2.6) |
1 (1.5) RR 0.2 (0.03, 1.4) |
3 (4.0) RR 0.5 (0.2, 1.7) |
Owned a dog 0–4 yrs | 58 (12.6) | 1 (2.6) RR 0.2 (0.0, 1.4) |
22 (19.3) RR 1.5 (0.9, 2.7) |
8 (12.1) RR 1.0 (0.4, 2.2) |
9 (12.0) R 1.0 (0.5, 1.8) |
Age at examination (mean ± sd) |
12.64±1.42 | 12.45±1.41 | 12.30±1.42 | 12.26±1.52 | 12.43±1.58 |
a p <0.05,
b p< 0.001,
c p<0.0001
Proportion per latent class group and Relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals compared to healthy phenotype. N = 752.