Table 4. Logistic regression—LRTI ever vs maternal psychosocial risk factors stratified by age.
| 0–3 monthsa | 3–6 monthsb | 6–9 monthsc | 9–12 monthsd | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal psychosocial risk factor | Adjusted OR (95%CI), p-value | Adjusted OR (95%CI), p-value | Adjusted OR (95%CI), p-value | Adjusted OR (95%CI), p-value |
| Depression | ||||
| Antenatal (n 1 = 994; n 2 = 994; n 3 = 994; n 4 = 994) | 1.26 (0.81; 1.94), 0.301 | 1.26 (0.85; 1.89), 0.255 | 0.89 (0.53; 1.51), 0.674 | 0.69 (0.39; 1.21), 0.197 |
| Postnatal—10 weeks (n 1 = 627; n 2 = 627; n 3 = 627; n 4 = 627) | 1.26 (0.66; 2.39), 0.479 | 0.71 (0.36; 1.41), 0.329 | 1.14 (0.54; 2.43), 0.725 | 0.89 (0.39; 2.05), 0.787 |
| Postnatal—6 months (n 1 = 579; n 2 = 546; n 3 = 579; n 4 = 579) | 1.65 (0.86; 3.18), 0.134 | 0.70 (0.34; 1.43), 0.328 | 1.25 (0.54; 2.92), 0.605 | 0.91 (0.39; 2.12), 0.826 |
| Postnatal—12 months (n 1 = 653; n 2 = 653; n 3 = 653; n 4 = 653) | 1.97 (1.11; 3.47), 0.020 | 1.40 (0.80; 2.44), 0.237 | 0.83 (0.40; 1.72), 0.614 | 1.08 (0.54; 2.13), 0.835 |
| Psychological distress | ||||
| Antenatal (n 1 = 991; n 2 = 991; n 3 = 991; n 4 = 991) | 1.22 (0.77; 1.94), 0.389 | 1.48 (0.98; 2.23), 0.065 | 1.08 (0.62; 1.88), 0.777 | 0.91 (0.52; 1.58), 0.738 |
| Postnatal—10 weeks (n 1 = 628; n 2 = 628; n 3 = 628; n 4 = 628) | 1.63 (0.76; 3.43), 0.211 | 1.25 (0.57; 2.75), 0.579 | 2.12 (0.92; 4.89), 0.079 | 0.73 (0.24; 2.23), 0.576 |
| Postnatal—6 months (n 1 = 578; n 2 = 546; n 3 = 578; n 4 = 578) | 2.50 (1.11; 5.61), 0.026 | 0.81 (0.35; 1.87), 0.618 | 0.98 (0.33; 2.87), 0.969 | 1.36 (0.51; 3.64), 0.545 |
| Postnatal—12 months (n 1 = 684; n 2 = 684; n 3 = 684; n 4 = 684) | 1.65 (0.79; 3.45), 0.181 | 1.13 (0.57; 2.24), 0.735 | 1.81 (0.79; 4.13), 0.159 | 0.66 (0.24; 1.82), 0.423 |
| IPV5 | ||||
| Antenatal (n 1 = 994; n 2 = 994; n 3 = 994; n 4 = 994) | 0.97 (0.64; 1.46), 0.890 | 1.35 (0.93; 1.96), 0.110 | 1.18 (0.73; 1.91), 0.499 | 1.13 (0.71; 1.78), 0.612 |
| Postnatal—10 weeks (n 1 = 628; n 2 = 628; n 3 = 628; n 4 = 628) | 1.44 (0.83; 2.51), 0.194 | 1.21 (0.71; 2.09), 0.484 | 0.86 (0.43; 1.71), 0.662 | 1.24 (0.65; 2.36), 0.513 |
| Postnatal—6 months (n 1 = 577; n 2 = 544; n 3 = 577; n 4 = 577) | 2.89 (1.62; 5.16), <0.001* | 1.44 (0.83; 2.52), 0.195 | 1.05 (0.52; 2.12), 0.900 | 1.10 (0.58; 2.10), 0.761 |
| Postnatal—12 months (n 1 = 675; n 2 = 675; n 3 = 644; n 4 = 675) | 2.13 (1.30; 3.48), 0.003* | 0.93 (0.58; 1.50), 0.770 | 0.90 (0.49; 1.63), 0.720 | 0.99 (0.57; 1.73), 0.971 |
| Alcohol exposure | ||||
| Antenatal (n 1 = 993; n 2 = 993; n 3 = 993; n 4 = 993) | 2.90 (1.40; 6.03), 0.004* | 0.49 (0.18; 1.33), 0.162 | 4.21 (1.92; 9.23), <0.001 | 1.35 (0.50; 3.66), 0.555 |
| Postnatal—10 weeks (n 1 = 625; n 2 = 625; n 3 = 625; n 4 = 625) | 0.46 (0.12; 1.74), 0.254 | 0.81 (0.22; 2.92), 0.747 | 2.37 (0.72; 7.84), 0.156 | 0.59 (0.12; 2.90), 0.516 |
| Postnatal—6 months (n 1 = 571; n 2 = 538; n 3 = 571; n 4 = 571) | 1.25 (0.44; 3.53), 0.668 | 1.01 (0.39; 2.60), 0.977 | 0.72 (0.19; 2.75), 0.627 | 0.45 (0.10; 2.03), 0.301 |
| Postnatal—12 months (n 1 = 583; n 2 = 583; n 3 = 583; n 4 = 583) | 1.39 (0.66; 2.94), 0.386 | 1.33 (0.67; 2.66), 0.417 | 0.43 (0.16; 1.21), 0.110 | 1.09 (0.46; 2.56), 0.841 |
IPV, Intimate partner violence.
a-d Multiple logistic regression models adjusted for antenatal maternal psychosocial risk factor (in postnatal models); sex; recruitment site; HIV exposure; maternal education achievement; SES quartile; and LRTI in previous period
* Still significant if 1% significance level considered