Table 4.

Codes and definitions

Theme/code	Expanded code	Evidence/comments on:
Process	Includes evalution process, referral process, services process; case management code	•The process of screening, getting a refferel, and other copies related to diagnosis and evaluation.	•ASD case management •Process to securing service in the past or currenly.
		•Process of obtaining services at school or community.	•Description of communicatio bettween providers/parents regarding services.
Helpers	Service helpers, evalution helpers, support network advocacy	•Person considered helpful.	•Funding mechanisms •Accomodation
		•Positive example of provider or parental accomplishments of getting services or evalution.	•Social network/cultural brokers
Recommendations	Intervation ideas from parents and providers about sevices desired and technology	•Services programs that the parent or provider thinks would benefit.	•Ways to use technology with the family
Cultural differences	Cutural and Iinguistic diversity	•Different in culture, or aspects of culture. Includes race, SES, religion, generation, rural, and language barries from the provider or parent.
Barriers	Includes all service barries, evaluation delay/problem, misdiagnoso, parent/provider conflict, financial.	•Anything that prevents or delays the evaluation, dianosis or services •Intial misdiagnosis,mislabel,or misdiagnosis at any stage/environment. •Issues that cause tension in the relationship betwen parents and proders.	•Famil accomodation such as needing to quit job to care for cild •Issues concerning transportation, finances, linited availability of service providers,denial/delay of services, waitlist, and other factors that limit service consumption;includes change/loss of services.
Knowledge	Includes education needed,parent/provider knowledge	•Knowledge or information parents or providers need,or that they do not process •The knowledge a parent or provider processes; seeking knowledge or info gathering.	•Confusing aspects of the process. •The use of technology by the family to gain knowledge
Parentalconcerns/feelings	Includes mention of parental concern or feeling about child and process.	•Issues oe behaviors parents worry about in the community, at home or school •Parents ‘feeling about getting te ASD dignosis,disability in general; stigma of disability; emotion, denial/acceptance.	•Instances were parent places a value (feeling or emotion) on a service, person, agency, or experience. •Service the parent wish they had specifically foe themselves.
Beginning stages	Mention of early signs and age of diagnosis.	Child behavior that indicate a potential issue or concern, people who first notice the problem and age of diagnosis.	• Any early sign, red flag, or parental concermn before te child gets the diagnosis