Table 1.
Components, their constituting elements, and how often they are part of the 40 shared decision making models.
| Components | Elements | Frequency |
| Advocate patient views |
Patient advocacy | 12 (30%) |
| Patient opinion is important | ||
| Create choice awareness |
Equipoise | 22 (55%) |
| Make need for decision explicit | ||
| Deliberate |
Deliberation* | 23 (58%) |
| Negotiation* | ||
| Describe treatment options |
Benefits/risks (pros/cons)† | 35 (88%) |
| Feasibility of option(s) | ||
| List options‡ | ||
| Present evidence† | ||
| Determine roles in decision making process |
All parties have a legitimate interest in the decision† | 14 (35%) |
| Formulation of equality of partners | ||
| Involves at least two people† | ||
| Patient's decisional role preference‡ | ||
| Process determination or evaluation | ||
| Determine next step |
Arrange follow-up† | 19 (48%) |
| Implementation | ||
| Foster partnership |
Mutual respect† | 12 (30%) |
| Partnership† | ||
| Gather support and information |
Patient accesses information | 8 (20%) |
| Support with decision | ||
| Healthcare professional expertise | Doctor knowledge* | 4 (10%) |
| Healthcare professional preferences |
Healthcare professional preferences | 7 (18%) |
| Healthcare professional values | ||
| Learn about the patient |
Check/clarify understanding healthcare professional‡ | 21 (53%) |
| Learn about the patient | ||
| Make the decision |
Document (discussion about) decision | 30 (75%) |
| Make or explicitly defer decision† | ||
| Patient retains ultimate authority over decision | ||
| Revisiting decision | ||
| Offer time | Offer time | 8 (20%) |
| Patient expertise | Patient expertise | 3 (8%) |
| Patient preferences |
Patient concerns | 26 (65%) |
| Patient goals of care | ||
| Patient preferences* | ||
| Patient values* | ||
| Patient questions | Patient questions | 8 (20%) |
| Prepare | Prepare (prior to consultation) | 6 (15%) |
| Provide information |
Information exchange† | 17 (43%) |
| Medical information | ||
| Patient information | ||
| Provide neutral information | Unbiased information† | 8 (20%) |
| Provide recommendation | Doctor recommendation* | 10 (25%) |
| Reach mutual agreement | Mutual agreement† | 14 (35%) |
| Set agenda |
Decide on agenda for the consultation | 9 (23%) |
| Define/explain problem† | ||
| Support decision making process |
Assess what patient needs to make decision | 11 (28%) |
| Doctor guidance in decision making process | ||
| Identify and address emotions | ||
| Tailor information |
Ascertain preferred (format for) information† | 26 (65%) |
| Check/clarify understanding patient‡ | ||
| Flexibility/individualised approach† | ||
| Use clear language |