Table 2.
Protein plasma expression in adenocarcinoma patients and interaction with clinical and biological parameters, n (%)
| Protein expression |
Midkine |
Activin |
||
| Low (n = 60) | High (n = 54) | Low (n = 42) | High (n = 72) | |
| Age (yr), mean (SD) | 63.02 (10.06) | 66.7 (10.91) | 63.64 (10.4) | 65.42 (10.7) |
| BMI (kg/m2), median (IQR) | 24.34 (20.71-26.54) | 25.79 (23.11-27.52)a | 25.66 (22.24-27.52) | 24.52 (22.05-26.94) |
| CA 19-9 (U/mL), median (IQR) | 400 (53.5-400) | 352 (70-400) | 400 (53.5-400) | 191 (70-400) |
| Age > 50 yr | 53 (88.33) | 50 (92.59) | 36 (85.71) | 67 (93.06) |
| Sex (female) | 27 (45) | 20 (37.04) | 18 (42.86) | 29 (40.28) |
| Stage (III-IV vs I-II) | 28 (46.67) | 39 (72.22)b | 20 (47.62) | 47 (65.28) |
| Histological grade | ||||
| G1 | 3 (16.67) | 4 (17.39) | 3 (16.67) | 4 (17.39) |
| G2 | 10 (55.56) | 12 (52.17) | 13 (72.22) | 9 (39.13) |
| G3 | 5 (27.78) | 7 (30.43) | 2 (11.11) | 10 (43.48) |
| Metastasis | 20 (33.33) | 28 (51.85)a | 14 (33.33) | 34 (47.22) |
| Tumor size ≥ 3 cm | 44 (78.57) | 43 (87.76) | 30 (75) | 57 (87.69) |
| Weight loss of 5% over the past 6 mo | 45 (90) | 29 (82.86) | 11 (26) | 23 (32) |
| Weight | ||||
| Underweight | 9 (15) | 3 (5.56) | 3 (7.14) | 9 (12.5) |
| Normal | 28 (46.67) | 20 (37.04) | 16 (38.1) | 32 (44.44) |
| Overweight | 15 (25) | 22 (40.74) | 14 (33.33) | 23 (31.94) |
| Obesity | 8 (13.33) | 9 (16.67) | 8 (11.11) | |
| Smoking | 32 (53.33) | 18 (33.33)a | 17 (40.48) | 33 (45.83) |
| New-onset diabetes | 16 (26.67) | 8 (14.81) | 8 (19.05) | 16 (22.22) |
| Long-term diabetes | 6 (10) | 18 (33.33)b | 10 (23.81) | 14 (19.44) |
| Diabetes | 22 (36.67) | 27 (50) | 18 (42.86) | 31 (43.06) |
| IHC | ||||
| Negative | 36 (60) | 22 (40.74)a | 29 (69.05) | 26 (36.11)b |
| Weak | 18 (30) | 16 (29.63) | 11 (26.19) | 42 (58.33) |
| Moderate | 5 (8.33) | 11 (20.37) | 2 (4.76) | 4 (5.56) |
| Strong | 1 (1.67) | 5 (9.26) | ||
| Immunohistochemistry perineural invasion (appearances on slide) | 2: 3 (9.09); 0: 17 (51.52); 1: 13 (39.39) | 2: 9 (32.14)a; 0: 7 (25); 1: 12 (42.86) | 2: 5 (17.86); 0: 13 (46.43); 1: 10 (35.71) | 2: 7 (21.21); 0: 11 (33.33); 1: 15 (45.45) |
| Cachexia | 16 (73) | 6 (27) | 15 (26) | 7 (32) |
a
P < 0.05,
b
P < 0.01. BMI: Body-mass index; CA 19-9: Carbohydrate antigen; IHC: Immunohistochemistry; IQR: Interquartile range; CI: Confidence interval.