Table 2.
Postoperative complications and surveillance bile culture
| Complication | All cases | Bile culture positive | p value | MDR pathogens positive | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 51) | (n = 28) | (n = 11) | |||
| Incisional SSI (%) | 6 (12) | 4 (14) | 0.53 | 4 (36) | 0.01 |
| Organ/space SSI (%) | 33 (65) | 18 (64) | 0.95 | 7 (63) | 0.93 |
| Bile leakage (%) | 4 (8) | 2 (7) | 0.84 | 1 (9) | 0.86 |
| Pancreatic fistula (%) | 21 (41) | 12 (43) | 0.79 | 4 (36) | 0.71 |
| Cholangitis (%) | 3 (6) | 2 (7) | 0.67 | 1 (9) | 0.63 |
| Enteritis (%) | 3 (6) | 2 (7) | 0.67 | 1 (9) | 0.63 |
| Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3 complication (%) | 16 (31) | 7 (25) | 0.28 | 3 (27) | 0.74 |
Abbreviations: SSI surgical site infection, MDR multi-drug resistance