Table 1.
Participants’ demographic characteristics, health interest, and nutrition knowledge by assigned label (n = 2105)
| GDA (n = 697) | MTL (n = 708) | WL (n = 700) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Age | ||||
| 18- 29y | 322(46.2) | 324 (45.8) | 329 (47.0) | 0.904 |
| 30-49y | 192 (27.6) | 193 (27.3) | 178 (25.4) | |
| > 50y | 183 (28.3) | 191 (26.7) | 193 (27.6) | |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 400 (57.4) | 416 (58.8) | 381 (54.4) | 0.246 |
| Marital status | ||||
| Single | 251 (36) | 261 (36.9) | 254 (36.3) | 0.333 |
| Married/ living with a partner | 352 (52.3) | 370 (52.3) | 351 (50.1) | |
| Divorced | 67 (9.6) | 44 (6.2) | 59 (8.4) | |
| Widower | 27 (3.9) | 33 (4.7) | 36 (5.1) | |
| Education | ||||
| Elementary school or less | 50 (7.2) | 45 (6.4) | 52 (7.4) | 0.901 |
| Secondary School | 89 (12.8) | 90 (12.7) | 74 (10.6) | |
| High school | 217 (31.1) | 230 (32.5) | 236 (33.7) | |
| Graduate/ Postgraduate | 341 (48.9) | 343 (48.6) | 338 (48.3) | |
| Household income | ||||
| < $2699 | 123 (17.7) | 122 (17.2) | 121 (17.3) | 0.989 |
| $2700-6799 | 218 (31.3) | 222 (31.4) | 224 (32.0) | |
| $6800-11,599 | 187 (26.8) | 190 (26.8) | 183 (26.1) | |
| $11,600-34,999 | 120 (17.2) | 124 (17.5) | 131 (18.7) | |
| > $35,000 | 49 (7.0) | 50 (7.1) | 41 (5.9) | |
| Occupation | ||||
| Unemployed/ Other | 46 (6.7) | 54 (7.6) | 70 (10.0) | 0.510 |
| Student | 164 (23.5) | 168 (23.7) | 150 (21.4) | |
| Housemaid/ Home maker | 146 (21.0) | 134 (18.9) | 136 (19.3) | |
| Employee | 280 (40.2) | 293 (41.4) | 284 (40.7) | |
| Salesman/woman | 61 (8.8) | 59 (8.3) | 50 (8.6) | |
| Previous diagnosis of chronic disease | ||||
| Diabetes | 57 (8.2) | 61 (8.6) | 59 (8.4) | 0.957 |
| Hypertension | 90 (12.9) | 86 (12.2) | 89 (12.7) | 0.904 |
| Overweight | 171 (24.5) | 161 (22.7) | 177 (25.3) | 0.518 |
| Obesity | 66 (9.5) | 66 (9.3) | 67 (9.6) | 0.987 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 79 (11.3) | 80 (11.3) | 80 (11.4) | 0.997 |
| Hypertriglyceridemia | 68 (9.8) | 75 (10.6) | 84 (12.0) | 0.393 |
| Health interest | ||||
| Not interested/ A Little interested | 143 (20.5) | 145 (20.5) | 169 (24.1) | 0.161 |
| Very interested | 554 (79.5) | 563 (79.5) | 531 (75.9) | |
| Self-reported nutrition knowledge | ||||
| Not knowledgeable | 148 (21.2) | 149 (21.1) | 151 (21.6) | 0.998 |
| A little knowledgeable | 292 (41.9) | 295 (41.7) | 294 (42.0) | |
| Somewhat knowledgeable/ Very knowledgeable | 257 (36.9) | 264 (37.3) | 255 (36.4) | |
GDA Guideline Daily Allowance, MTL Multiple Traffic Light, WL Warning Labels. Chi2 was used to test for significant differences between labelling conditions