Table 2. Differences between groups in amyloid-β and tau networks.
The values presented in the table correspond to means followed by (standard deviations) or p values calculated using non-parametric permutation tests to assess differences between groups in amyloid-β and tau networks, while controlling for age and sex. Values in bold correspond to significant group differences after adjusting for multiple comparisons with false discovery rate corrections (FDR) (q < 0.05). The entire sample of 117 subjects were included in this analysis: 26 amyloid-β negative cognitively normal subjects, in addition to 34 amyloid-β positive cognitively normal subjects, 21 patients with mild cognitive impairment and 36 patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Amyloid negative (Aβ-); amyloid positive (Aβ+). Amyloid positivity (β+) was established using a composite cortical region normalized by the whole cerebellum on 18F-Flutemetamol PET with a cut-off of >0.693.
| Cognitively normal (CN) |
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) | Alzheimer’s disease (AD) | CN β− vs CN β+ | CN β− vs MCI | CN β− vs AD | CN β+ vs MCI | CN β+ vs AD | MCI vs AD | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| amyloid-β− | amyloid-β+ | All amyloid-β+ | All amyloid-β+ | P value | P value | P value | P value | P value | P value | |
| amyloid-β networks | ||||||||||
| IC 2: Left Inferior Occipital | 0.71 (0.04) |
0.92 (0.14) |
1.10 (0.10) |
1.13 (0.13) |
<0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.287 |
| IC 3: Medial Fronto-Parietal | 0.67 (0.04) |
0.98 (0.16) |
1.15 (0.13) |
1.19 (0.14) |
<0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.244 |
| IC 4: Middle Frontal | 0.74 (0.06) |
0.89 (0.12) |
0.94 (0.11) |
1.02 (0.16) |
<0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.159 | 0.004 | 0.048 |
| IC 5: Superior Frontal | 0.68 (0.05) |
0.91 (0.14) |
1.02 (0.11) |
1.08 (0.16) |
<0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.014 | <0.001 | 0.101 |
| IC 6: Medial | 0.64 (0.04) |
0.92 (0.14) |
1.07 (0.13) |
1.13 (0.14) |
<0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.112 |
| IC 7: Right Parietal | 0.69 (0.06) |
0.88 (0.14) |
1.00 (0.11) |
1.11 (0.12) |
<0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.003 | <0.001 | 0.001 |
| IC 8: Anterior Cingulate | 0.67 (0.05) |
0.99 (0.17) |
1.16 (0.14) |
1.23 (0.16) |
<0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.003 | <0.001 | 0.080 |
| IC 10: Posterior Parietal | 0.67 (0.05) |
0.95 (0.17) |
1.11 (0.16) |
1.15 (0.15) |
<0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.002 | <0.001 | 0.226 |
| IC 11: Lateral Temporal | 0.70 (0.04) |
0.95 (0.17) |
1.09 (0.14) |
1.18 (0.16) |
<0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.006 | <0.001 | 0.033 |
| tau networks | ||||||||||
| IC 2: Left Inferior Occipital | 1.15 (0.07) |
1.21 (0.10) |
1.76 (0.62) |
2.03 (0.58) |
0.112 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.061 |
| IC 3: Temporal |
1.15 (0.06) |
1.22 (0.13) |
1.65 (0.42) |
1.83 (0.34) |
0.020 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.057 |
| IC 4: Insular | 1.00 (0.07) |
1.02 (0.07) |
1.17 (0.20) |
1.39 (0.48) |
0.151 | 0.030 | <0.001 | 0.115 | <0.001 | 0.010 |
| IC 5: Superior Frontal |
1.11 (0.08) |
1.14 (0.07) |
1.32 (0.34) |
1.58 (0.48) |
0.267 | 0.038 | <0.001 | 0.060 | <0.001 | 0.014 |
| IC 6: Posterior Medial |
1.05 (0.06) |
1.09 (0.07) |
1.30 (0.34) |
1.57 (0.57) |
0.157 | 0.019 | <0.001 | 0.066 | <0.001 | 0.015 |
| IC 7 Fronto-Parietal | 1.13 (0.07) |
1.20 (0.13) |
1.63 (0.60) |
1.97 (0.60) |
0.498 | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.002 | <0.001 | 0.020 |
| IC 8: Hippo-campus | 1.11 (0.06) |
1.18 (0.12) |
1.46 (0.30) |
1.67 (0.39) |
0.018 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.002 | <0.001 | 0.012 |
| IC 10: Right Inferior Occipital | 1.12 (0.07) |
1.16 (0.08) |
1.57 (0.57) |
1.91 (0.68) |
0.143 | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.004 | <0.001 | 0.034 |
| IC 11: Middle Frontal |
1.07 (0.07) |
1.10 (0.08) |
1.39 (0.34) |
1.71 (0.51) |
0.188 | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.003 | <0.001 | 0.003 |