Induction of drug-metabolizing enzymes by dimethoxy–hydroxy, trimethoxy, and tetramethoxy compounds. Caco2 and YAMC cells were treated with 10 nM TCDD and flavonoids for 24 h, and induction of CYP1A1 (A), CYP1B1 (B), and UGT1A1 (C) mRNA levels was determined by real time PCR as outlined in the Experimental Procedures. Results are expressed as means ± SD for at least 3 determinations per treatment group, and significant (p < 0.05) induction is indicated (*).