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. 2020 Jan 1;34(1-2):37–52. doi: 10.1101/gad.329110.119

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© 2020 Robles-Murguia et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press

This article is distributed exclusively by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the first six months after the full-issue publication date (see http://genesdev.cshlp.org/site/misc/terms.xhtml). After six months, it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International), as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Figure 2. — Muscle-derived Dpp regulates brain ple/TH expression and dopamine biosynthesis. (A) RNA-seq from heads of flies with muscle-specific dpp RNAi, dpp overexpression (OE), and controls (n = 3/genotype). The y-axis shows the difference in expression (logratio) of dpp RNAi versus GFP RNAi (mock), and the x-axis shows the logratio of dpp overexpression (Mhc > Dpp^OE) versus control (Mhc/+). Genes that are significantly regulated (P < 0.05) in converse manner by dpp RNAi and dpp overexpression, which include genes involved in neurotransmission and chemosensory perception, are highlighted in green. (B) Among these, ple/TH and Obp57e have been previously implicated in foraging. Ple/TH is the rate-limiting enzyme for L-DOPA and dopamine biosynthesis. (C,D) qRT-PCR from fly brains confirms that muscle-specific dpp RNAi increases ple/TH expression, whereas dpp overexpression has converse effects compared with controls. Similar results are obtained with both Mhc-Gal4 and the drug-inducible Act88-GS-Gal4. (***) P < 0.001; n = 4; SEM. (E,F) UPLC/MS-MS reveals that muscle-specific dpp RNAi increases brain dopamine, whereas dpp overexpression reduces it compared with controls. Similar results are obtained with both Mhc-Gal4 and the drug-inducible Act88-GS-Gal4 driver. (*) P < 0.05; (**) P < 0.01; (***) P < 0.001; n[batch of 30 heads] = 5–17. SD.