Table 1. Selected characteristics for 29,328 participants from the baseline data of the CLSA Comprehensive Cohort by depression status.
| Variable | Depression status |
P-value | |||
| Group 1 n = 21586 | Group 2 n = 2942 | Group 3 n = 3119 | Group 4 n = 1681 | ||
| Average age, yrs | 59.6 | 59.9 | 58.3 | 57.9 | *** |
| Female | 46.5% | 56.6% | 63.5% | 63.2% | *** |
| Married or living with partner | 79.5% | 67.8% | 70.8% | 57.1% | *** |
| White | 95.6% | 94.0% | 97.6% | 97.5% | *** |
| Education | *** | ||||
| Less than post-secondary | 19.6% | 26.1% | 18.0% | 26.4% | |
| Some college degree | 31.6% | 35.9% | 35.9% | 37.7% | |
| Bachelor's degree or above | 48.8% | 38.0% | 46.0% | 35.8% | |
| Immigrated | 18.3% | 21.9% | 13.6% | 15.6% | *** |
| Annual house income | *** | ||||
| < $20,000 | 3.0% | 9.4% | 5.5% | 15.2% | |
| $20,000–$50,000 | 16.5% | 25.7% | 21.2% | 27.3% | |
| $50,000–$100,000 | 33.2% | 34.6% | 34.3% | 32.1% | |
| ≥ $100,000 | 47.4% | 30.4% | 39.0% | 25.4% | |
| Alcohol intake during past 12 months | *** | ||||
| Non-drinker | 9.6% | 14.7% | 12.7% | 18.4% | |
| Less than once in a month | 10.2% | 15.6% | 12.0% | 17.6% | |
| More than once in a week | 80.2% | 69.7% | 75.4% | 64.0% | |
| Smoking | *** | ||||
| Non-smoker | 34.9% | 29.9% | 30.0% | 28.1% | |
| Former smoker | 57.5% | 57.2% | 59.8% | 53.7% | |
| Current Smoker | 7.6% | 12.9% | 10.2% | 18.2% | |
| Moderate Physical activity over 30 minutes | 14.4% | 10.3% | 11.6% | 10.5% | *** |
| Average BMI, kg/m2 | 27.5 | 28.0 | 28.5 | 29.7 | *** |
| Average of close friend | 5.6 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 3.9 | *** |
| Average of comorbid diseases | 2.4 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.7 | *** |
***P < 0.0001. BMI: body mass index; CLSA: Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Group 1: CES-D10 score < 10 and negative clinical depression history; Group 2: CES-D10 score ≥ 10 and negative clinical depression history; Group 3: CES-D10 score < 10 and positive clinical depression history; Group 4: CES-D10 score ≥ 10 and positive clinical depression history.