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. 2019 Dec 20;2019:6967170. doi: 10.1155/2019/6967170

Table 2.

Bivariate analysis of stunting, wasting, and underweight by background characteristics of the mother and a child.

Background characteristics Categories Stunting (%) Wasting (%) Underweight (%)
Sources of drinking water Piped 15.2 20.2 15.6
Protected well 35.4 39.5 37.4
Unprotected well 49.4 40.3 47.1

Availability of toilet facility No facility/bush/field 61.8 64.9 60.3
With facilities 38.2 35.1 39.7

Number of under-five children 1 34.9 29.8 33.4
2 49.9 55.3 50.6
3+ 15.2 14.9 16

Mother occupation Not working 18.3 26.3 17.9
Agricultural sector 59.1 48.2 56.8
Other sectors 22.6 25.5 25.3

Birth type Single 96.4 95.6 95.3
Multiple 3.60 4.40 4.70

Birth weight >4 kg 14 18.4 12.1
2.5–4 kg 44.7 39.5 39.3
<2.5 kg 41.3 42.1 48.6

Had diarrhea recently No 84.8 70.2 77.4
Yes 15.2 29.8 22.6

Antenatal follow-up No 58.4 57 61.1
1–3 25.7 29.8 25.7
4+ 15.9 13.2 14.4

Postnatal care No 96.2 96.5 97.7
Yes 3.80 3.50 2.30

Current age of mother 15–19 3.60 5.30 4.70
20–24 19.7 20.2 19.5
25–29 25.4 30.7 24.1
30–34 21.4 20.2 23.7
35+ 29.9 23.7 28

Husband/partner's education No education 58.2 52.6 59.9
Primary education 37.8 41.2 35.4
Secondary education 1.90 4.40 2.70
Higher education 2.10 1.80 1.90

Child birth order First birth 17.6 14 18.7
2, 3, or 4 45.6 55.3 43.6
Fifth or more 36.8 30.7 37.7

Place of residence Rural 92.4 89.5 91.4
Urban 7.60 10.5 8.60

Sex of child Male 52.5 57.9 52.5
Female 47.5 42.1 47.5

Household wealth index Poorest 36.1 28.1 36.6
Poorer 24.5 21.9 23
Middle 14.5 19.3 16.3
Richer 15.7 19.3 14.8
Richest 9.30 11.4 9.30

Mother education No education 71.3 71.9 71.6
Primary education 25.4 23.7 25.7
Secondary education 2.90 2.60 1.90
Higher education 0.50 1.80 0.80

Child age 0–11 months 10 27.2 15.2
12–23 months 21.9 28.1 19.8
24–35 months 24.9 18.4 24.5
36–47 months 25.2 12.3 21.8
48–59 months 18.8 14 18.7