Table 2.
Top Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Genes in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Literature—Genome-Wide Association Study Risk
| Gene | Predictive SNPs | Population | Study |
|---|---|---|---|
| GWAS risk SNPs | |||
| ABCC1 | Rs3887893 (p = 0.0001, meta) | European descent (MGH, Boston, MA) | 765 Stage II ARDS trauma population, 838 stage II ARDS sepsis population; direct vs. indirect ARDS association and meta-analysis (75) |
| ARSD | Rs78142040 (3.64e-47) | ARDSNet | 213 ARDS patients, 440 (379 EUR and 61 ASW) controls; Exome-seq case/control association (161) |
| FAAH | Rs324420 (p = 0.0131) | European descent (MGH, Boston, MA) | 765 Stage II ARDS trauma population, 838 stage II ARDS sepsis population; direct vs. indirect ARDS association and meta-analysis (75) |
| HEATR1 | Rs2115740(p = 6.53 × 10−5, unadjusted) | African American descent (Seattle, WA and Chicago, IL) | 232 ARDS cases, 162 ICU controls (53) |
| IL1RN | Rs315952 (p = 0.0023), rs380092 (p = 0.026) | European descent (Philadelphia, PA) | Association stage II (n = 606) ARDS and stage III (n = 561) ARDS (74) |
| PDE4B | Rs12080701 (p = 0.0005, meta), Rs17419964 (p = 0.0002, meta) | European descent (MGH, Boston, MA) | 765 Stage II ARDS trauma population, 838 stage II ARDS sepsis population; direct vs. indirect ARDS association and meta-analysis (75) |
| POPDC3 | rs1190286 (p = 0.0094) | European descent (MGH, Boston, MA) | 765 Stage II ARDS trauma population, 838 stage II ARDS sepsis population; direct vs. indirect ARDS association and meta-analysis (75) |
| PPFIA1 | Rs471931(p = 0.0021) | European descent (Philadelphia, PA) | Two-stage GWAS; phase 1 compared 600 ARDS trauma-associated ALI, 2266 population-based controls; phase 2 compared 212 ALI cases and 238 at-risk controls (71) |
| SELPLG | Rs109017898(p = 1.5 × e-04, p = 0.005, discovery, meta) | African American descent (Seattle, WA and Chicago, IL) | 232 ARDS cases, 162 ICU controls (53) |
| TACR2 | Rs61732394(p = 6.24 × 10−4) | African American descent (Seattle, WA and Chicago, IL) | 232 ARDS cases, 162 ICU controls (53) |
| TNFRSF11A | Rs9960450 (p = 5.3 × 10−3, meta), Rs17069902 (p = 0.0001, meta) | European descent (MGH, Boston, MA) | 765 Stage II ARDS trauma population, 838 stage II ARDS sepsis population; direct vs. indirect ARDS association and meta-analysis (75) |
| XKR3 | Rs9605146 (1.68 × 10−59) | ARDSNet | 213 ARDS patients, 440 (379 EUR and 61 ASW) controls; Exome-seq case/control association (161) |
| ZNF335 | Rs3848719 (p = 2.86e-04) | ARDSNet | 213 ARDS patients, 440 (379 EUR and 61 ASW) controls; Exome-seq case/control association (161) |
| GWAS survival-specific risk SNPs | |||
| ADIPOQ | Rs2082940 (p = 0.0039) | ICU (MGH and BIDMC, Boston) | 2067 ICU patients; 567 ARDS patients; prospective risk and mortality study (169) |
| FER | Rs4957796 (p = 0.0144) | European descent (Gottingen, Germany) | 441 Total ARDS patients, 274 ARDS patients with pneumonia; 90-day survival; prospective case–control (166) |
ALI, acute lung injury; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; ASW, African ancestry in the Southwest USA; EUR, European; GWAS, genome-wide association study; ICU, intensive care unit; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; XRK3, XK-related 3.