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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Spine Deform. 2019 Nov;7(6):890–898.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jspd.2019.01.011

Table 4.

Performance Validation of Risk Classification (Estimates and 95% Confidence Intervals)

BrAIST
(n=115)		 Internal Validation
(n=115)		 External Validation
(n=152)
Sensitivity 0.90 (0.79, 0.96) 0.90 (0.79, 0.96) 0.89 (0.78, 0.96)
Specificity 0.62 (0.48, 0.75) 0.62 (0.48, 0.75) 0.79 (0.70, 0.87)
PPV* 0.72 (0.65, 0.78) 0.72 (0.65, 0.78) 0.71 (0.63, 0.79)
NPV# 0.85 (0.78, 0.93) 0.85 (0.72, 0.93) 0.93 (0.86, 0.96)
*

PPV (positive predictive value) = percentage of subjects classified as high risk and observed to have a poor prognosis

#

NPV (negative predictive value) = percentage of subjects classified as low risk and observed to have a good prognosis