TABLE 2.
ARRs of Carrying Guns, Nationally Weighted Sample
| Pooled Sample | Pre-NICS Years | Post-NICS Years | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ARR (95% CI) | P | ARR (95% CI) | P | ARR (95% CI) | P | |
| NICS period | ||||||
| Pre-NICS | Reference | — | — | — | — | — |
| Post-NICS | 0.951 (0.819–1.106) | .516 | — | — | — | — |
| State U/BC | ||||||
| No | Reference | — | — | — | — | — |
| Yes | 1.170 (0.913–1.498) | .215 | 1.101 (0.859–1.410) | .448 | 0.852 (0.738–0.984) | .029 |
| NICS + U/BC | 0.750 (0.566–0.995) | .046 | — | — | — | — |
| Age group, y | ||||||
| 12–15 | Reference | — | — | — | — | — |
| 16–18 | 1.121 (1.052–1.195) | .001 | 0.933 (0.809–1.076) | .338 | 1.198 (1.118–1.284) | <.001 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | Reference | — | — | — | — | — |
| Female | 0.171 (0.156–0.188) | <.001 | 0.174 (0.140–0.215) | <.001 | 0.169 (0.153–0.187) | <.001 |
| Race | ||||||
| White | Reference | — | — | — | — | — |
| African American | 1.371 (1.242–1.513) | <.001 | 1.764 (1.523–2.044) | <.001 | 1.228 (1.080–1.395) | .002 |
| Other | 1.280 (1.172–1.397) | <.001 | 1.364 (1.098–1.694) | .005 | 1.245 (1.133–1.367) | <.001 |
| Ethnicity | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic | Reference | — | — | — | — | — |
| Hispanic | 0.937 (0.847–1.037) | .210 | 1.32 (1.031–1.690) | .028 | 0.800 (0.717–0.893) | <.001 |
| Any threat felt | ||||||
| No | Reference | — | — | — | — | — |
| Yes | 4.029 (3.726–4.358) | <.001 | 3.766 (3.188–4.449) | <.001 | 4.127 (3.777–4.510) | <.001 |
| State median income, $, thousands | 0.994 (0.987–1.001) | .082 | 0.973 (0.962–0.985) | <.001 | 0.997 (0.989–1.005) | .464 |
| State rural population, % | 1.013 (1.008–1.017) | <.001 | 1.008 (0.998–1.018) | .102 | 1.013 (1.008–1.018) | <.001 |
The pooled model includes data from the entire study period. The pre- and post-NICS models reflect data from those respective periods. —, reference category.