Fig. 2 |. global distribution and diversity of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

a | Map of major strain type distributions. Regional strain prevalence is summarized from select studies performed in Africa¹⁶⁷, Asia^{67–69,71,168–170}, Australia⁷⁰, Europe^{57–60,66,73,171}, the Middle East¹⁷², North America^{5,74,173–175} and South America^56,62. The map provides an overview of strain diversity and cannot comprehensively display all relevant strain types within each region. As strain prevalence may vary by region and setting, the prevalence displayed from selected studies may not reflect strain prevalence throughout the entire region. b | Maximum likelihood SNP dendrogram for 60 Staphylococcus aureus isolates representing relationships between major clonal complexes. SNPs for each genome were concatenated to form SNP pseudosequences and used to generate a phylogenetic tree using the HKY93 algorithm with 500 bootstrap replicates. Notably, isolate grouping by multilocus sequence type is largely congruent with strain clustering by the SNP dendrogram. Part b is reproduced from REF.¹⁷⁶, CC-BY-ND (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/).