Table 3. Preoperative characteristics of the testing dataset.
| Variables | Overall (n=334) | Non-rupture (n=299) | Rupture (n=35) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Male [n (%)] | 254 (76.0) | 227 (75.9) | 27 (77.1) | 1 |
| Age [year, mean (SD)] | 49.1 (12.0) | 48.4 (11.8) | 55.1 (12.7) | 0.002 |
| Height [cm, mean (SD)] | 169.99 (9.32) | 169.84 (9.27) | 171.21 (9.77) | 0.411 |
| Weight [kg, mean (SD)] | 75.13 (13.44) | 75.21 (13.95) | 74.42 (7.93) | 0.742 |
| BMI [kg/m2, mean (SD)] | 26.12 (4.88) | 26.17 (4.94) | 25.68 (4.37) | 0.577 |
| Symptoms/signs | ||||
| Syncope [n (%)] | 11 (3.3) | 8 (2.7) | 3 (8.6) | 0.177 |
| Radiating pain [n (%)] | 18 (5.4) | 16 (5.4) | 2 (5.7) | 1 |
| Acute thoracic/back pain [n (%)] | 120 (35.9) | 108 (36.1) | 12 (34.3) | 0.978 |
| Hypotension/shock [n (%)] | 38 (11.4) | 32 (10.7) | 6 (17.1) | 0.393 |
| BP >160 mmHg at admission [n (%)] | 41 (12.3) | 36 (12.0) | 5 (14.3) | 0.912 |
| Lower limbs numbness/pain [n (%)] | 6 (1.8) | 3 (1.0) | 3 (8.6) | 0.012 |
| Acute phase [n (%)] | 278 (83.2) | 244 (81.6) | 34 (97.1) | 0.037 |
| Medical history | ||||
| Dyslipidemia [n (%)] | 65 (19.5) | 51 (17.1) | 14 (40.0) | 0.003 |
| CAD [n (%)] | 11 (3.3) | 10 (3.3) | 1 (2.9) | 1 |
| Smoking [n (%)] | 134 (40.1) | 112 (37.5) | 22 (62.9) | 0.007 |
| Hx of cerebral infarction/hemorrhage [n (%)] | 19 (5.7) | 17 (5.7) | 2 (5.7) | 1 |
| MFS [n (%)] | 37 (11.1) | 35 (11.7) | 2 (5.7) | 0.433 |
| Diabetes mellitus [n (%)] | 6 (1.8) | 5 (1.7) | 1 (2.9) | 1 |
| Hypertension [n (%)] | 245 (73.4) | 226 (75.6) | 27 (77.1) | 0.839 |
| COPD [n (%)] | 5 (1.5) | 4 (1.3) | 1 (2.9) | 1 |
| Hx of heart surgery [n (%)] | 27 (8.1) | 27 (9.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.127 |
| Hx of aortic surgery [n (%)] | 19 (5.7) | 18 (6.0) | 1 (2.9) | 0.705 |
| Family history of aortic disease [n (%)] | 10 (3.0) | 9 (3.0) | 1 (2.9) | 1 |
| Laboratory test | ||||
| Acute liver dysfunction [n (%)] | 27 (8.1) | 23 (7.7) | 4 (11.4) | 0.66 |
| Acute renal dysfunction [n (%)] | 38 (11.4) | 35 (11.7) | 3 (8.6) | 0.786 |
| WBC >15*109/L [n (%)] | 47 (14.1) | 42 (14.0) | 5 (14.3) | 1 |
| Imaging | ||||
| DeBakey I [n (%)] | 276 (82.6) | 242 (80.9) | 34 (97.1) | 0.031 |
| Size [cm, mean (SD)] | 4.82 (1.17) | 4.79 (1.19) | 5.12 (0.98) | 0.115 |
| AHI [mean (SD)] | 2.84 (0.69) | 2.83 (0.71) | 2.99 (0.55) | 0.188 |
| Periaortic hematoma [n (%)] | 36 (10.8) | 24 (8.0) | 12 (34.3) | <0.001 |
| Pulmonary opacification [n (%)] | 28 (8.4) | 25 (8.4) | 3 (8.6) | 1 |
| EF [%, mean (SD)] | 59.46 (5.33) | 59.58 (5.35) | 58.46 (5.10) | 0.239 |
| EF <50% [n (%)] | 33 (9.9) | 28 (9.4) | 5 (14.3) | 0.533 |
| Pleural effusion [n (%)] | 44 (13.2) | 30 (10.0) | 14 (40.0) | <0.001 |
| Brachiocephalic artery involvement [n (%)] | 52 (15.6) | 42 (14.0) | 10 (28.6) | 0.046 |
| Celiac trunk artery involvement [n (%)] | 69 (20.7) | 65 (21.7) | 4 (11.4) | 0.228 |
| Superior mesenteric artery involvement [n (%)] | 31 (9.3) | 30 (10.0) | 1 (2.9) | 0.282 |
| Renal artery involvement [n (%)] | 100 (29.9) | 87 (29.1) | 13 (37.1) | 0.431 |
| Iliac artery involvement [n (%)] | 43 (12.9) | 37 (12.4) | 6 (17.1) | 0.596 |
| Hemopericardium [n (%)] | 27 (8.1) | 16 (5.4) | 11 (31.4) | <0.001 |
| Aortic insufficiency [n (%)] | 120 (35.9) | 109 (36.5) | 11 (31.4) | 0.689 |
SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CAD, coronary artery disease; Hx, history; MFS, Marfan syndrome; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; WBC, white blood cell count; AHI, aortic height index; EF, ejection fraction.