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. 2020 Jan 2;11:63. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-13710-4

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© This is a U.S. government work and not under copyright protection in the U.S.; foreign copyright protection may apply 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — a–d Cyp26b1 cKO striolar afferents, like control extrastriolar afferents, were more excitable than control striolar afferents, as shown by their tendency to fire more spikes and by reduced current thresholds for spiking. a–c Whole-cell current clamp records from patched calyces of a control striolar (Control-S) afferent (a), control lateral extrastriolar (Control-LES) afferent (b), and a Cyp26b1 cKO striolar (Cyp26b1 cKO-S) afferent (c). Five hundred-millisecond current steps were delivered in 50-pA increments from –200 pA to >1 nA relative to zero holding current; a subset is shown including the response at threshold current (red). Three times (3×) threshold current- (blue) evoked transient spiking in the control striolar afferent, but sustained spiking in the control-LES afferent and Cyp26b1 cKO-S afferent. d Mean threshold current to activate spikes was significantly higher in Control-S calyces than in all other categories—that is, the Cyp26b1 cKO-S calyces resembled Cyp26b1 cKO lateral extrastriolar (Cyp26b1 cKO-LES) calyces and Control-LES calyces. Two-way ANOVA showed main effects of genotype (control vs. Cyp26b1 cKO, F(1,41) = 6.1, P = 0.02), zone (striola vs. LES, F(1,41) = 10.0, P = 0.003) and their interaction (F(1,41) = 11.2, P = 0.002). Control-S afferents (400 ± 90 pA, n = 8) differed significantly from each other category, including control-LES afferents (127.3 ± 12 pA, n = 11; P = 0.0003, effect size 1.9) and Cyp26b1 cKO-S afferents (156.3 ± 23 pA, n = 16; P = 0.0005, effect size 1.6). Cyp26b1 cKO-S afferents did not differ from control-LES afferents (P = 0.94) or Cyp26b1 cKO-LES afferents (164 ± 32 pA, n = 7, P > 0.99). e Transient firing was more common than sustained firing in Control-S afferents; sustained firing was more common in Control-LES, Cyp26b1 cKO-S, and Cyp26b1 cKO-LES afferents. Error bars: SEM.