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. 2019 Dec 18;50:14–23. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2019.12.002
Lesions situated in the nasopharynx
Therapy Posology Administration Adverse effects Contra-indications Ref.
Silver nitrate 75% AgNO3
25% KNO3
Topical (sticks) Pain
Skin irritation
Septal perforation
Methemoglobinemia (rare)
? [20,21]
Xylometazoline 1:1000 Nasal spray Rebound vasodilation (if prolonged use) Closed-angle glaucoma [24,25]
Tranexamic acid
500 mg/5 ml
Topical (gauze), for 10 min
?
?
[22,23]
Lesions situated in the oropharynx
Therapy
Posology
Administration
Adverse effects
Contra-indications
Ref.
Tranexamic acid 500 mg/5 ml, 10 mL q.i.d. Mouthwash suspension (swallow after use) Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea (25%)
Colour vision disturbance
Dose reduction if GFR < 50 ml/mn
Active thromboembolic disease
[[26], [27], [28], [29]]
Adrenaline
2.5–5 ml 1% in 5 ml 0.9% saline q.i.d.
Nebulisation
None
None
[30]
Inaccessible lesions (ENT)
Therapy
Posology
Administration
Adverse effects
Contra-indications
Ref.
Tranexamic acid
1–1.5 g t.i.d. Oral Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea (25%)
Colour vision disturbance
Dose reduction if GFR < 50 ml/mn
Active thromboembolic disease
[31]
10–15 mg/kg t.i.d.
Intravenous
Pulmonary pathologies
Therapy
Posology
Administration
Adverse effects
Contra-indications
Ref.
Tranexamic acid 500 mg/5 ml t.i.d. - q.i.d. Nebulisation None ? [[43], [44], [45],60]
1–1.5 g t.i.d. Oral Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea (25%)
Colour vision disturbance
Dose reduction if GFR < 50 ml/mn
Active thromboembolic disease
[39]
10 (−15) mg/kg t.i.d. - q.i.d.
Intravenous
[[40], [41], [42]]
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Therapy
Posology
Administration
Adverse effects
Contra-indications
Ref.
Tranexamic acid 1–1.5 g t.i.d. Oral Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea (25%)
Colour vision disturbance
Dose reduction if GFR < 50 ml/mn
Active thromboembolic disease
[47]
10–15 mg/kg t.i.d. Intravenous
Octreotide 100–200 mg t.i.d. Subcutaneous ? None [50]
10 mcg push then 25 mcg/h
Intravenous
If > 100 mcg/h: nausea, abdominal discomfort, diarrhoea
Rectal bleeding
Therapy
Posology
Administration
Adverse effects
Contra-indications
Ref.
Tranexamic acid 500 mg, 10 ml water b.i.d. Rectal (enema) ? ? [53]
1 g t.i.d.
Oral
Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea (25%)
Colour vision disturbance
Dose reduction if GFR < 50 ml/mn
Active thromboembolic disease
[31]
Vesical bleeding
Therapy
Posology
Administration
Adverse effects
Contra-indications
Ref.
Tranexamic acid 1 g t.i.d. Oral Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea (25%)
Colour vision disturbance
Dose reduction if GFR < 50 ml/mn
Active thromboembolic disease
[60]
Tranexamic acid
100 ml of 5% b.i.d.
Intravesical
Intravesical clot retention
?
[60,68]
Prostate bleeding
Therapy
Posology
Administration
Adverse effects
Contra-indications
Ref.
Tranexamic acid
1–1.5 g t.i.d.
Oral
Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea (25%)
Colour vision disturbance
Dose reduction if GFR < 50 ml/mn
Active thromboembolic disease
[31]
Vaginal bleeding
Therapy
Posology
Administration
Adverse effects
Contra-indications
Ref.
Tranexamic acid 500 mg/5 ml Topical (gauze), apply pressure for 10 min ? ? None
1–1.5 g t.i.d.
Oral
Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea (25%)
Colour vision disturbance
Dose reduction if GFR < 50 ml/mn
Active thromboembolic disease
None
Malignant ulcers
Therapy
Posology
Administration
Adverse effects
Contra-indications
Ref.
Alginate Topical dressings Mechanical damage upon dressing removal ? [60,82]
Adrenaline 1:1000 Topical (gauze) for 5–10 min Rebound bleeding
Ischaemic necrosis
None [60]
Tranexamic acid 500 mg in 5 ml Topical (gauze) ? ? [83,84]
1 g b.i.d. for 1 week following cessation of bleeding Oral Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea (25%)
Colour vision disturbance
Dose reduction if GFR < 50 ml/mn
Active thromboembolic disease
[83,84]

Remarks: “?” corresponds to information currently unavailable in existing literature.