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. 2019 Dec 13;9(12):1143. doi: 10.3390/ani9121143

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Comparison of the craniofacial bone morphology (mean ± SD) among the left cross-beak, right cross-beak, and normal chickens including female and male individuals. (A) DLU: distance of the left eye midpoint to the upper beak; (B) DRU: distance of the right eye midpoint to the upper beak; (C) DLN: distance of the left eye midpoint to the nostril; (D) DRN: distance of the right eye midpoint to the nostril; (E) LOL: left ocular length; (F) ROL: right ocular length; (G) LOW: left ocular width; (H) ROW: right ocular width; (I) LIS: left infraorbital sinus; (J) RIS: right infraorbital sinus. LC: Left cross-beak (left-upper cross-beak + left-lower cross-beak, n = 63); RC: right cross-beak (right-upper cross-beak + right-lower cross-beak, n = 66); NC: normal beak (n = 109). TOB means type of beak, G means difference of gender. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 means significant difference between gender. Values with different small letters (a, b, c) indicate statistically significant differences (p < 0.05).