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. 2019 Dec 16;20(24):6345. doi: 10.3390/ijms20246345

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Simplified schema of coagulation–activation, anticoagulation, fibrinolysis and anti-fibrinolysis by various mechanisms. (A) Platelet activation. (B) Extrinsic pathway of coagulation. (C) Intrinsic pathway of coagulation. (D) Fibrinolysis. Anticoagulation and anti-fibrinolytic activities are indicated in red. All proteins inhibited by antithrombin are indicated in green. Abbreviations used: F, coagulation factor; HMWK, high molecular weight kininogen; K, kallikrein; PAI-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; PK, pre-kallikrein; TAFI, thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor; TF, tissue factor; TRPI, tissue factor pathway inhibitor; tPA, tissue plasminogen activator; vWF, von Willebrand factor. Activated coagulation factors are indicated with an “a”.