Table 6.

Retention (%) in vitamin E activity in different storage periods for vitamin and vitamin/trace mineral (VTM) premixes ¹.

Items	Choline	Cu and Zn	Months (Time)					SEM	p-Time
			1	2	3	6	12
Vitamin premix 1	-	-	99.01	97.57	96.98	95.49	95.96	1.76	0.685
Vitamin premix 2	+	-	97.38	97.24	96.77	99.48	95.70	1.08	0.185
		SEM	0.87	1.17	0.55	2.68	1.06
	p-Choline		0.197	0.851	0.797	0.318	0.870
VTM premix 1	-	Low	98.70 a	97.04 ab	96.94 ab	97.74 ab	93.93 b	0.97	<0.01
VTM premix 2	+	Low	99.61 a	96.57 ab	96.70 ab	97.44 ab	93.32 b	1.25	0.028
VTM premix 3	-	High	99.18 a	96.99 ab	96.60 ab	96.52 ab	94.08 b	0.76	<0.01
VTM premix 4	+	High	99.29 a	98.20 ab	96.38 bc	97.55 ab	93.82 c	0.63	<0.01
		SEM	0.32	0.65	1.02	1.63	0.57
	Main effects
	Choline	-	98.94	97.01	96.29	97.13	94.00
		+	99.45	97.38	96.54	97.50	93.57
	Cu and Zn	Low	99.16	96.80	96.34	97.59	93.63
		High	99.23	97.59	96.49	97.03	93.95
	p-value
	Choline		0.130	0.582	0.748	0.835	0.455
	Cu and Zn		0.822	0.241	0.851	0.750	0.577
	Choline x Cu and Zn		0.229	0.214	0.556	0.705	0.760

¹ Vitamin premix 1 contained no choline chloride, while Vitamin premix 2 contained 160,000 mg/kg of choline chloride. VTM premix 1 contained 500 mg/kg of CuSO₄ and 8000 mg/kg of ZnO, and in addition, VTM premix 2 contained 40,000 mg/kg of choline chloride, 500 mg/kg of CuSO₄ and 8000 mg/kg of ZnO. VTM premix 3 contained 20,000 mg/kg of CuSO₄ and 225,000 mg/kg of ZnO. VTM premix 4 contained 40,000 mg/kg of choline chloride, 20,000 mg/kg of CuSO₄ and 225,000 mg/kg of ZnO. ^{a, b, c} Means in a row, with different superscripts, are different (p < 0.05).