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. 2020 Jan 3;11:1. doi: 10.1186/s13287-019-1471-y

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 3 — Effect of cell survival and death pathway in senescent PD-MSCs during long-term cultivation. a The expression of p-AKT/AKT and p-ERK1/2 gene related to survival pathway were analyzed by Western blot in early and late passage PD-MSCs. b The expression of Bax and Bcl2 gene related to pro-/anti-apoptosis regulator were analyzed by Western blot in early and late passage PD-MSCs. c The gene expression of p-mTOR/mTOR, PI3K-p100/-p85, ATG 5–12, and LC3 I/II related to autophagy pathway was analyzed by Western blot in early and late passage PD-MSCs. The data were representative of three independent experiments and presented by Image J software and expressed as means ± S.D. An asterisk indicates P < 0.05 versus early passage