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. 2020 Jan 2;19:1. doi: 10.1186/s12936-019-3075-5

Table 9.

CYP inhibition in human liver microsomes

Compound IC50 (µM) (% inhibition at max conc)/Ki (µM)
CYP1A2 CYP2C9 CYP2C19 CYP2D6 CYP3A4 (test) CYP3A4 (midaz)
Ionized or partially ionized bases at physiological pH
 Cycloguanil > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) 6.0/3.7 > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi)
 Doxycyclin CNDa > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (22%) > 20 (nmi)
 Pyronaridine > 20 (30%) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) 1.2/0.75 > 20 (nmi) > 20 (28%)
 Proguanil > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (27%) 3.5/2.2 > 20 (24%) > 20 (nmi)
 Primaquine < 0.25/< 0.15 > 20 (20%) > 20 (34%) > 20 (33%) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (31%)
 Chloroquine > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) 6.1/3.8 > 20 (nmi) > 20 (24%)
 Chlorproguanil > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (39%) 1.4/0.87 > 20 (41%) > 20 (nmi)
 Azithromycin > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (29%) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi)
 AQ-13 > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) 13/8.3 > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi)
 Desethylamodiaquine > 18 (nmi) > 18 (nmi) > 18 (nmi) 2.6/1.6 CNDa > 18 (nmi)
 Quinine > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) 6.0/3.7 > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi)
 Clindamycin > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (32%) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi)
 KAF156 > 20 (nmi) 19/14 > 20 (40%) 1.2/0.75 2.7/1.6 2.5/1.8
 M5717 > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi)
 OZ277 > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (46%) > 20 (26%)
 Mefloquine > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) 16/10 > 20 (29%) > 20 (nmi)
 Amodiaquine > 20 (27%) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) 0.88/0.55 > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi)
 NPC1161B 6.5/3.8 > 20 (37%) 9.6/5.7 > 20 (39%) 13.6/8.2 > 20 (37%)
 Ferroquine > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) 0.83/0.52 > 20 (42%) 7.3/5.2
 Naphthoquine > 20 (33%) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) 1.1/0.68 > 20 (38%) > 20 (41%)
 Tafenoquine > 20 (20%) 14/10 > 20 (42%) > 20 (35%) 3.8/2.3 > 20 (40%)
 MMV253 > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) CNDa > 20 (35%) > 20 (37%) CNDa
 MMV052 > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi)
 Piperaquine > 20 (nmi) CNDa > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) 4.5/3.2
 Halofantrine > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) 0.27/0.19 > 20 (19%) > 20 (24%)
 TDD-E209b > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (43%) > 20 (33%)
 Lumefantrine > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) 2.9/1.8 > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi)
Ionized acids at physiological pH
 Sulfadoxine > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi)
  Sulfamethoxazole CNDa > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi)
 Artesunate 20/12 > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi)
 Atovaquone > 20 (nmi) > 20 (26%) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi)
Zwitterionic or partially zwitterionic at physiological pH
 P218 > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi)
 JPC3210 > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) 0.70/0.43 > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi)
Neutral at physiological pH
 Dapsone > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi)
 Dihydroartemisinin 11/6.2 > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi)
 DSM421b > 20 (nmi) > 20 (16%) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (33%) > 20 (nmi) CNDa
 Pyrimethamine > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (36%) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi)
 MMV048 > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (16%) > 20 (nmi) CNDa
 Artemisone NA NA NA NA NA NA
 Artemether > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (37%) > 20 (39%)
 SJ733 > 20 (nmi) > 20 (33%) > 20 (38%) 16/9.6 > 20 (37%) > 20 (33%)
 DSM265b > 20 (nmi) > 20 (25%) > 20 (19%) 7.1/4.4 > 20 (34%) CND
 KAE609 4.5/2.7 5.5/4.0 < 0.25/< 0.15 5.9/3.7 > 20 (30%) > 20 (nmi)
 OZ439 > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) > 20 (nmi) 5.1/3.1 12/8.6
 ELQ300 > 20 (nmi) 7.5/5.4 > 20 (41%) 8.0/5.0 > 20 (nmi) CNDa

nmi no measurable inhibition

aCND = could not determine; inhibition profiles not well defined

bData for DSM265 from [79], for DSM421 from [78] and for TDD-E209 from [81]