Figure 6.
Proposed mechanism of targeting citrulline-specific B-cells using a CCP-STAL. CCP on STAL targets citrulline protein-specific B cells by binding to citrulline-specific BCR. Human CD22 synthetic ligand (CD22L) on STAL binds CD22 on B cells, causing clustering of CD22 to BCR and SHP-1 recruitment in BCR signaling pathway. This clustering and SHP-1 recruitment causes antigen-specific B cell tolerization possibly through an apoptotic mechanism.