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. 2019 Apr 29;42(8):zsz108. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsz108

Table 5.

Prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals for poor sleep among 40 082 women who reported a traumatic childhood experience (TCE) by a perpetrator regarded as close to the victim compared to those who reported trauma by a perpetrator regarded as not close to the victim (The Sister Study)

Short sleep (<7 hours) Takes > 30 minutes to fall asleep Awakened ≥ 3 times once asleep ≥3 times/week Napping ≥3 times per week
PR (95% CI) PR (95% CI) PR (95% CI) PR (95% CI)
No reported trauma 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference) 1.00 (reference)
Any trauma
 Close 1.12 (1.09 to 1.16) 1.27 (1.22 to 1.33) 1.20 (1.14 to 1.27) 1.24 (1.17 to 1.32)
 Not close 1.03 (0.97 to 1.10) 1.09 (1.00 to 1.19) 1.12 (1.02 to 1.24) 1.03 (0.92 to 1.17)
Witness suicide/attack
 Close 1.18 (1.10 to 1.26) 1.23 (1.12 to 1.35) 1.30 (1.16 to 1.45) 1.16 (1.00 to 1.33)
 Not close 1.16 (1.01 to 1.34) 1.18 (0.95 to 1.46) 1.27 (0.98 to 1.65) 1.16 (0.85 to 1.59)
Unwanted sexual contact
 Close 1.13 (1.08 to 1.18) 1.22 (1.14 to 1.29) 1.26 (1.17 to 1.35) 1.21 (1.11 to 1.32)
 Not close 1.04 (0.98 to 1.10) 1.13 (1.04 to 1.22) 1.14 (1.04 to 1.25) 0.96 (0.86 to 1.08)
Physically hit/attacked
 Close 1.16 (1.09 to 1.23) 1.48 (1.38 to 1.59) 1.25 (1.14 to 1.38) 1.26 (1.12 to 1.41)
 Not close 1.12 (0.98 to 1.28) 1.25 (1.04 to 1.51) 1.38 (1.11 to 1.72) 1.58 (1.24 to 2.01)
Emotionally/psychologically mistreated
 Close 1.09 (1.05 to 1.13) 1.29 (1.22 to 1.35) 1.20 (1.13 to 1.27) 1.21 (1.13 to 1.30)
 Not close 1.13 (0.99 to 1.28) 1.17 (0.98 to 1.41) 1.25 (1.02 to 1.54) 1.13 (0.88 to 1.46)

All models were adjusted for age (at the time of questionnaire completion), childhood adverse SES score (summary variable of yes answers ranging from 0 to 3 of the following questions: low/poor self-reported income growing up, household educational attainment at age 13 < high school, and food insecurity) and race/ethnicity. All TCEs include events that occurred at <18 years. Bolded values indicate statistical significance.