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. 2020 Jan 3;15(1):e0226524. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226524

Table 4. Hazard ratios from Cox regression, showing the association between neighbourhood greenspace exposure and incident CVD.

Model 1 Adjusted for greenspace (N = 22420) Model 2 Adjusted for confounders (N = 23759)
95% CI 95% CI
  n Person years (1000) HR Lower Upper p p trend n Person years (1000) HR Lower Upper p p trend
Greenspace quartile <0.001 0.001
    1 (least green, ref) 6107 86.3 1.00 5935 84.1 1.00
    2 6107 87.2 0.96 0.92 1.01 0.136 5945 85.2 0.97 0.92 1.02 0.189
    3 6103 88.9 0.92 0.88 0.96 0.001 5966 87.3 0.92 0.88 0.97 0.002
    4 (most green) 6103 91.6 0.92 0.88 0.97 0.001 5913 89.0 0.93 0.88 0.97 0.003

Age is used as the underlying time scale. Model 2 adjusted for confounders of sex, age, BMI, prevalent diabetes and SES (individual and neighbourhood). CI: confidence interval.