Table 4. Hazard ratios from Cox regression, showing the association between neighbourhood greenspace exposure and incident CVD.
Model 1 Adjusted for greenspace (N = 22420) | Model 2 Adjusted for confounders (N = 23759) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
95% CI | 95% CI | |||||||||||||
n | Person years (1000) | HR | Lower | Upper | p | p trend | n | Person years (1000) | HR | Lower | Upper | p | p trend | |
Greenspace quartile | <0.001 | 0.001 | ||||||||||||
1 (least green, ref) | 6107 | 86.3 | 1.00 | 5935 | 84.1 | 1.00 | ||||||||
2 | 6107 | 87.2 | 0.96 | 0.92 | 1.01 | 0.136 | 5945 | 85.2 | 0.97 | 0.92 | 1.02 | 0.189 | ||
3 | 6103 | 88.9 | 0.92 | 0.88 | 0.96 | 0.001 | 5966 | 87.3 | 0.92 | 0.88 | 0.97 | 0.002 | ||
4 (most green) | 6103 | 91.6 | 0.92 | 0.88 | 0.97 | 0.001 | 5913 | 89.0 | 0.93 | 0.88 | 0.97 | 0.003 |
Age is used as the underlying time scale. Model 2 adjusted for confounders of sex, age, BMI, prevalent diabetes and SES (individual and neighbourhood). CI: confidence interval.