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. 2019 Dec 19;8:e53086. doi: 10.7554/eLife.53086

Figure 2. Spectrotemporal representations of activity in the ROIs.

Broadband gamma activity (A–D) and spectrogram (E–H) plots of activity within each ROI, averaged across subjects during the complex reading (A,E; n = 27), monosyllabic naming (B,F; n = 23), multisyllabic naming (C,G; n = 23) and listening (D,H; n = 21) tasks. Colored bars under the BGA plots represent regions of significant activation (q < 0.05). Responses are time locked to speech onset in the reading and naming tasks and to the stimulus onset in listening.

Figure 2—source data 1. Source data for Figure 2A–D.

Figure 2.

Figure 2—figure supplement 1. Time windowed analysis of activity in the ROIs.

Figure 2—figure supplement 1.

Broadband gamma activity bar plots of activity within each ROI, averaged across pre-articulatory (−500 to −100 ms), post-articulatory (200 to 600 ms) and late post-articulatory (600 to 1000 ms) windows for each task. Error bars represent standard error margin. Significance bars show contrasts discussed in main text; ns p>0.05, *p<0.05, **p<0.01. Responses are time locked to speech onset in the reading and naming tasks and to the stimulus onset in listening. PI: Posterior Insula, AI: Anterior Insula, STG: Superior Temporal Gyrus, CS: Central Sulcus, IFG: Inferior Frontal Gyrus.
Figure 2—figure supplement 2. Spectrotemporal representations of activity in the praxis task.

Figure 2—figure supplement 2.

Broadband gamma activity (A) and spectrogram (B) plots of activity within each ROI, averaged across subjects during the praxis task. Colored bars under the BGA plot represent regions of significant activation (q < 0.05). Responses are time locked to movement onset. PI: Posterior Insula (n = 24 (7); # electrodes (# patients)); AI: Anterior Insula (n = 10 (5)); STG: Superior Temporal Gyrus (n = 48 (6)); CS: Central Sulcus (n = 9 (2)); IFG: Inferior Frontal Gyrus (n = 7 (4)).
Figure 2—figure supplement 3. Evoked oscillations during speech articulation.

Figure 2—figure supplement 3.

The broadband gamma measures used through the paper are measures of invoked oscillations. To further evaluate the role of insular cortex, we calculated event related potentials (ERPs) using electrodes in this region, relative to speech production. ERPs were calculated for each ROI for the three speech conditions: complex word reading (A), monosyllabic naming (B) and multisyllabic naming (C). STG and IFG both showed periods of significant evoked activity (q < 0.05), however, neither insular ROI displayed any periods of significant evoked activity.