Table 2.
Sensitivity and specificity of structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging subgroups.
| MRIa group | Sample size (n) | Sensitivity (95% CI) | Specificity (95% CI) | |
| Structural MRI subgroup | ||||
|
|
Hazlett et al (2017) [23] | 179 | 0.87 (0.72-0.95) | 0.95 (0.90-0.97) |
|
|
Chaddad et al (2017)b [24] | 28 | 0.70 (0.45-0.87) | 0.63 (0.39-0.83) |
|
|
Chaddad et al (2017)c [24] | 36 | 0.83 (0.63-0.94) | 0.62 (0.39-0.81) |
|
|
Wee et al (2014) [25] | 117 | 0.94 (0.85-0.98) | 0.96 (0.88-0.99) |
|
|
Ecker et al (2010)d [26] | 44 | 0.85 (0.65-0.94) | 0.85 (0.65-0.94) |
|
|
Ecker et al (2010)d [27] | 40 | 0.88 (0.68-0.96) | 0.88 (0.68-0.96) |
|
|
Xiao et al (2017) [28] | 85 | 0.80 (0.66-0.89) | 0.81 (0.67-0.90) |
|
|
Katuwal et al (2015) [29] | 734 | 0.57 (0.52-0.62) | 0.64 (0.59-0.69) |
|
|
Jiao et al (2010) [30] | 38 | 0.89 (0.71-0.97) | 0.74 (0.50-0.89) |
|
|
Neeley et al (2007) [31] | 57 | 0.84 (0.68-0.93) | 0.82 (0.63-0.92) |
|
|
Kong et al (2019) [32] | 182 | 0.84 (0.75-0.91) | 0.96 (0.90-0.98) |
|
|
Shen et al (2018) [33] | 236 | 0.83 (0.77-0.88) | 0.65 (0.54-0.74) |
|
|
Subtotal by range and pooled estimate from meta-analysis | 1776 | 0.57-0.94; 0.83 (0.76-0.89) | 0.62-0.96; 0.84 (0.74-0.91) |
| Functional MRI subgroup | ||||
|
|
Li et al (2018)b [34] | 113 | 0.68 (0.54-0.80) | 0.67 (0.55-0.78) |
|
|
Li et al (2018)e [34] | 75 | 0.55 (0.40-0.70) | 0.69 (0.53-0.81) |
|
|
Li et al (2018)f [34] | 61 | 0.73 (0.58-0.84) | 0.65 (0.45-0.80) |
|
|
Li et al (2018)g [34] | 61 | 0.66 (0.48-0.81) | 0.70 (0.54-0.83) |
|
|
Heinsfeld et al (2018) [35] | 1035 | 0.74 (0.70-0.78) | 0.63 (0.59-0.67) |
|
|
Dekhil et al (2018) [36] | 283 | 0.90 (0.83-0.94) | 0.88 (0.82-0.92) |
|
|
Bernas et al (2018)g [37] | 30 | 0.89 (0.62-0.97) | 0.81 (0.54-0.94) |
|
|
Mastrovito et al (2018) [38] | 54 | 0.73 (0.55-0.86) | 0.88 (0.71-0.95) |
|
|
Emerson et al (2017) [39] | 59 | 0.82 (0.56-0.94) | 0.99 (0.91-1.00) |
|
|
Price et al (2014) [40] | 60 | 0.86 (0.69-0.94) | 0.92 (0.77-0.98) |
|
|
Uddin et al (2013)h [41] | 40 | 0.74 (0.53-0.88) | 0.79 (0.57-0.91) |
|
|
Uddin et al (2013)i [41] | 30 | 0.66 (0.42-0.84) | 0.97 (0.76-1.00) |
|
|
Wang et al (2012) [42] | 58 | 0.82 (0.65-0.92) | 0.82 (0.65-0.92) |
|
|
Bernas et al (2018)i [37] | 24 | 0.81 (0.54-0.94) | 0.87 (0.66-0.96) |
|
|
Lidaka (2015) [43] | 640 | 0.92 (0.89-0.95) | 0.88 (0.84-0.91) |
|
|
Subtotal | 2623 | 0.55-0.92 | 0.63-0.99 |
| Overall (sMRIj+fMRIk) | 4399 | 0.55-0.94 | 0.62-0.99 | |
aMRI: magnetic resonance imaging.
bAutism Brain Imaging Data Exchange-University of Michigan sample.
cAutism Brain Imaging Data Exchange-University of Pittsburgh sample.
dSame author years but different (independent) studies.
eAutism Brain Imaging Data Exchange-University of California Los Angeles sample.
fAutism Brain Imaging Data Exchange-University of Utah School of Medicine.
gAutism Brain Imaging Data Exchange-Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.
hNational Database for Autism Research sample.
iClinic sample.
jsMRI: structural magnetic resonance imaging.
kfMRI: functional magnetic resonance imaging.