Figure 15.

Workflow of aptazyme/gold nanoparticle-based method for detection of ATP molecules. Fluorophore-labeled substrate strands are conjugated to gold nanoparticles and prehybridized with a quencher-labeled aptazyme strand. The aptazyme is activated in the presence of ATP, leading to cleavage of the substrate strand and separation of fluorophore and quencher to yield fluorescence. Active aptazymes can bind to multiple substrate strands in succession, leading to amplified signal. Adapted with permission.^[317] Copyright 2016, American Chemical Society.