Fig. 6.

Glutamate excitotoxicity mediates monocyte and IL-1β-induced rod apoptosis. a Orthogonal projection of confocal Z stack images of the outer nuclear layer (ONL) of TUNEL (red)- and Hoechst nuclear dye (blue)-stained mouse retinal explants after 18 h of culture without IL-1β, with IL-1β (50 ng/ml) or with both IL-1β (50 ng/ml) and CNQX (100 μM). b Quantification of ONL TUNEL⁺ nuclei (n = 5/group, Kruskal–Wallis, Dunn’s post-test *p = 0.0029 versus “without IL-1β and CNQX”). c Orthogonal projection of confocal Z stack images of the ONL of TUNEL (red)- and Hoechst nuclear dye (blue)-stained mouse retinal explants after 18 h of culture without hMos, with hMos (100.000/explant), or with hMos and CNQX (100 μM). d Quantification of ONL TUNEL⁺ nuclei (n = 8/group, Kruskal–Wallis, Dunn’s post-test *p = 0.0294 versus “without hMos and CNQX”). e Oblique 3D reconstructions of confocal Z stack images of the PR segments of mouse retinal explants after 18 h of culture without IL-1β, with IL-1β (50 ng/ml), or with IL-1β and CNQX (100 μM) after peanut agglutinin (PNA, green) staining. f Quantification of PNA⁺ outer segment volume (μm³) (n = 4/group, Kruskal–Wallis, Dunn’s post-test *p = 0.0228, *p = 0.0279 respectively versus “without IL-1β and CNQX”). g Oblique 3D reconstructions of confocal Z stack images of the PR segments of mouse retinal explants after 18 h of culture without hMo, with hMo (100.000/explant), or with hMo and CNQX (100 μM) after peanut agglutinin (PNA, green) staining. h Quantification of PNA+ outer segment volume (μm³) (n = 3/group, Kruskal–Wallis, Dunn’s post-test *p = 0.0185 versus “without hMo and CNQX”)