Table 1.
Antimicrobial stewardship programs strategies and settings (2007–2018)
| Audit and feedback | Guidelines | Physician Education | Pre-Authorization | Parents Education | CDS tool | CP | Other | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ED (15) | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | ||||
| France | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Italy | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Netherlands | 1 | |||||||
| Switzerland | 1 | |||||||
| USA | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||
| Spain | 1 | |||||||
| ED + Pediatric ward (4) | 1 | 3 | ||||||
| Italy | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| USA | 2 | |||||||
| Hospital (all wards) (62) | 23 | 11 | 4 | 10 | 14 | |||
| Bangladesh | 1 | |||||||
| Canada | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| China | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Germany | 2 | |||||||
| Greece | 1 | |||||||
| Italy | 1 | 1 | 3 | |||||
| Japan | 2 | 3 | ||||||
| Pakistan | 1 | |||||||
| Singapore | 1 | |||||||
| South Korea | 1 | |||||||
| USA | 17 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 9 | |||
| Hospital (all wards), ED and PICU excluded (1) | 1 | |||||||
| USA | 1 | |||||||
| Hospital (all wards), PICU excluded (3) | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Argentina | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Hospital (one ward) (3) | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Bangladesh | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Hospital (two wards) (1) | 1 | |||||||
| Russia | 1 | |||||||
| NICU (18) | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 7 | |||
| France | 1 | |||||||
| India | 1 | |||||||
| Ireland | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Netherlands | 1 | |||||||
| Philippines | 1 | |||||||
| USA | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 4 | |||
| NICU + Hospital nursery (1) | 1 | |||||||
| Netherlands | 1 | |||||||
| NICU + PICU (2) | 2 | |||||||
| Switzerland | 1 | |||||||
| UK | 1 | |||||||
| Oncology ward (3) | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| UK | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| USA | 1 | |||||||
| Outpatient (43) | 10 | 6 | 9 | 5 | 4 | 9 | ||
| Argentina | 1 | |||||||
| Bangladesh | 1 | |||||||
| Benin | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Cyprus | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Czech Republic | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Israel | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Italy | 1 | 2 | 2 | |||||
| Saudi Arabia | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Switzerland | 1 | |||||||
| UK | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| USA | 4 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | ||
| Spain | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Outpatient + ED (1) | 1 | |||||||
| Italy | 1 | |||||||
| Outpatient + Hospital (8) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||||
| China | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||||
| PICU (5) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||
| China | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Pakistan | 1 | |||||||
| UK | 1 | |||||||
| PICU + Pediatric wards (2) | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Indonesia | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Grand Total | 41 | 32 | 26 | 11 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 42 |
Entries in boldface represent total sum of ASP strategies according to setting (eg. ED/Guidelines = 5 it is the sum of France (1), Netherlands (1) and USA (3))