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. 2020 Jan 3;15:4. doi: 10.1186/s13018-019-1533-y

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© The Author(s). 2020

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 2 — a Dorsal medial branch was exposed. b Dorsal medial branch embodied in the thick periosteum. c Dorsal medial branch is in the transitional position between transverse process base and superior articular process. d Test branch with radio frequency head and repeat pain complaint. DMB, dorsal medial branch; PS, periosteum; SAP, superior articular process; TP, transverse process; RFH, radiofrequency head