Table 2.

The Items of Characteristics of Included Studies from Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) and Controls

Author, Year	Surgery	Disease	I	N	Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Interventions																		Number of item using ERAS
					①	②	③	④	⑤	⑥	⑦	⑧	⑨	⑩	⑪	⑫	⑬	⑭	⑮	⑯	⑰	⑱
Wang 2010 [18]	Gastrectomy	Gastric Cancer	E	45	✓	✓	✓	✓			✓	✓		✓		✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	14
			C	47
Chen (LS) 2012 [19]	Distal Gastrectomy	Gastric Cancer	E	19	✓	✓	✓	✓			✓	✓				✓	✓	✓		✓	✓	✓	12
			C	22				✓			✓
Chen (OS) 2012 [19]	Distal Gastrectomy	Gastric Cancer	E	21	✓	✓	✓	✓				✓				✓	✓	✓			✓	✓	10
			C	20				✓
Feng 2013 [20]	Radical gastrectomy	Gastric Cancer	E	59			✓	✓		✓		✓			✓		✓				✓	✓	8
			C	60				✓
Bu (45-74y) 2015 [21]	Gastrectomy	Gastric Cancer	E	64	✓	✓	✓			✓	✓	✓			✓	✓	✓	✓			✓	✓	12
			C	64	✓					✓
Bu (75-89y) 2015 [21]	Gastrectomy	Gastric Cancer	E	64	✓	✓	✓			✓	✓	✓			✓	✓	✓	✓			✓	✓	12
			C	64	✓					✓
Abdikarim 2015 [22]	Radical gastrectomy	Stomach Carcinomas	E	30	✓	✓	✓	✓			✓	✓				✓					✓	✓	9
			C	31	✓						✓
Liu (LS) 2016 [23]	Radical gastrectomy	Gastric Cancer	E	21	✓	✓				✓	✓	✓				✓		✓			✓	✓	9
			C	21							✓
Liu (OS) 2016 [23]	Radical gastrectomy	Gastric Cancer	E	21	✓	✓				✓		✓				✓		✓			✓	✓	8
			C	21
Fujikuni 2016 [24]	Gastrectomy	Gastric Cancer, Submucosal Tumor	E	40			✓				✓					✓					✓		4
			C	40							✓
Tanaka 2017 [25]	Gastrectomy	Gastric Cancer	E	73		✓	✓			✓	✓								✓		✓	✓	7
			C	69							✓											✓
Xia 2017 [26]	Radical Gastrectomy	Gastric Cancer	E	73	✓	✓	✓				✓	✓			✓	✓	✓	✓	✓		✓	✓	12
			C	76							✓
Wu 2017 [27]	Distal Gastrectomy	Gastric Cancer	E	34	✓	✓	✓					✓			✓	✓	✓	✓			✓	✓	10
			C	41
Kim 2012 [28]	Distal Gastrectomy	Gastric Cancer	E	22	✓	✓	✓				✓	✓			✓			✓	✓		✓	✓	10
			C	22		✓					✓	✓						✓
Zhao 2014 [29]	Esophagectomy	Esophageal Cancer	E	34	✓		✓	✓				✓		✓	✓		✓	✓			✓	✓✓	10
			C	34	✓
Chen 2016 [30]	Esophagectomy	Esophageal Cancer	E	128	✓				✓			✓		✓	✓		✓	✓	✓		✓	✓	10
			C	132	✓
Li 2017 [31]	Esophagectomy	Esophageal Cancer	E	55	✓						✓				✓			✓				✓	5
			C	55							✓
Zhang 2017 [32]	Esophagectomy	Esophageal Cancer combined with Metabolic Syndrome	E	47	✓						✓									✓	✓	✓	5
			C	47							✓
Zhang 2018 [33]	Esophagectomy	Esophageal Carcinoma	E	57	✓	✓	✓		✓						✓			✓			✓		7
			C	57	✓				✓
			C	37	✓		✓							✓	✓

Note: E/ERAS Enhacned recovery after surgery, C Conventional care, LS Laparoscopic surgery, OS Open surgery; 45-74y: Patients aged 45–74 years; 75-89y: Patients aged 75–89 years; I: Intervention; PLOS: Postoperative length of hospital stays; N: Number of patients; Enhanced Recovery After Surgery items: ①Preoperative counselling; ②Avoid Bowel preparation; ③Preoperative Carbohydrate; ④No Preanesthetic Medication; ⑤Antithrombotic prophylaxis; ⑥Antimicrobial Prophylaxis; ⑦Minimal Invasive Surgery; ⑧Avoid Nasogastric intubation; ⑨Avoid Postoperative nausea and vomiting; ⑩Epidural analgesia; ⑪Avoiding hypothermia; ⑫Fluid balance; ⑬Avoid Peritoneal Drainage; ⑭Early Urinary drainage Removal; ⑮ Regional Analgesia; ⑯Stimulation of bowel movement; ⑰Early Oral Feeding; ⑱ Early mobilization