Figure 4.

Calcitriol inhibits transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1‐stimulated epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in renal cell carcinoma cells. A and B, Either ACHN or CAKI‐2 cells were incubated with TGF‐β1(10 ng/mL) in the absence or presence of calcitriol (200 nmol/L). A, E‐cadherin and vimentin were measured in TGF‐β1‐stimulated ACHN cells using western blotting. B, E‐cadherin and vimentin were measured in TGF‐β1‐stimulated CAKI‐2 cells using western blotting. C, ACHN cells were incubated with TGF‐β1 (10 ng/mL) in the absence or presence of calcitriol (200 nmol/L). Snail and ZEB1, two transcription factors for EMT, were measured. All experiments were repeated three times. Data are expressed as means ± SEM (N = 3), **P < .01