Table 2. References of normality for thoracic and lumbar curvatures in each position (Ginés-Díaz et al., 2019; Sanz-Mengibar, Sainz-de-Baranda & Santonja-Medina, 2018).
| Spinal curve | SP* | SSP* | MFT* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Category | Ranges | Category | Ranges | Category | Ranges | |
| Thoracic | Hypokyphosis | <20° | Hypokyphosis | <20° | Hypokyphosis | <40° |
| Normal | 20–40° | Normal | 20–40° | Normal | 40–65° | |
| Hyperkyphosis | >40° | Hyperkyphosis | >40° | Hyperkyphosis | >65° | |
| Lumbar | Hypolordosis | <20° | Hypokyphosis | <−15° | Hypokyphosis | <10° |
| Normal | 20–40° | Normal | −15–15° | Normal | 10–30° | |
| Hyperlordosis | >40° | Hyperkyphosis | >15° | Hyperkyphosis | >30° | |
Note:
*
SP, Standing position; SSP, Slump sitting position; MFT, Maximum flexion of the trunk.