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Effects of PDE on serum (a) sodium and (b) potassium levels in DOX-induced changes in rats. The values are mean ± SEM (n = 6). Statistical analysis was done through two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Bonferroni post hoc test. For determination of p values, DOX is compared with the control group, and treatment groups were compared with the DOX group. The results are considered significant if p < 0.05. ∗∗∗p < 0.001 vs. control and ###p < 0.001 vs. DOX.
