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. 2019 Dec 24;2019:7252013. doi: 10.1155/2019/7252013

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Cytokine regulations on miR-221/222. IFN-1 decreased the levels of longer miR-221/222 isoforms and increased the levels of shorter miR-221/222 isoforms. The longer miR-222 reduces cell fusion and promotes cell apoptosis by downregulating PI3K-AKT. miR-221/222 downregulated by IFN-1 and IL-24 treatment, and downregulation of miR-221/222 upregulated the target p27 and protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B alpha (PPP2R2A). But miR-221/222 was upregulated by TNF-α produced by macrophages and downregulation of miR-221/222 inhibits CD4 receptor expression in macrophages to inhibit HIV-1 entry into macrophages. Dicer generates mature miR-222, which suppresses ICAM-1 expression on tumor cells. ADAR-1 complexing with Dicer can promote the expression of miR-222. miR-221/222 was higher in ESR1-negative breast cancer cell line and directly targets Dicer and ESR1.