Table 3.

Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis for progression‐free survival

Variables		Univariable analysis		Multivariable analysis
		mPFS (95% CI) (mo)	P value	HR	95% CI	P value
Age, y	≥60	10.5 (7.0‐14.0)	.026	1		.222
	<60	5.9 (3.7‐8.1)		1.573	0.759‐3.256
Sex	Male	7.8 (5.0‐10.6)	.464
	Female	5.9 (4.3‐7.6)
Disease extent	LAPC	9.0 (3.6‐14.3)	.160	1		.385
	MPC	6.2 (4.5‐7.9)		1.548	0.577‐4.155
Size, cm	≥5.0	4.4 (2.7‐6.1)	.070	1.866	0.910‐3.828	.089
	<5.0	7.5 (5.0‐10.0)		1
CA 19‐9, U/mL	≥158.8	5.6 (4.8‐6.4)	.004	1.915	0.875‐4.190	.104
	<158.8	9.0 (4.2‐13.8)		1
Total bilirubin, mg/dL	>1.2	5.8 (5.1‐6.6)	.448
	≤1.2	6.9 (5.3‐8.6)
Albumin, g/dL	≥3.3	Not reached	.428
	<3.3	6.5 (4.9‐8.0)
sTGF‐β, ng/mL	≥31.2	5.8 (3.2‐8.5)	.001	2.010	1.054‐3.831	.034
	<31.2	9.0 (5.6‐12.3)		1
NLR	≥1.83	6.2 (4.8‐7.6)	.008	2.291	0.691‐7.594	.175
	<1.83	Not reached		1
PLR	≥109.6	6.2 (5.2‐7.3)	.011	1.140	0.410‐3.169	.802
	<109.6	10.5 (0.1‐22.3)		1

Abbreviations: CA 19‐9, cancer antigen 19‐9; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; LAPC, locally advanced pancreatic cancer; MPC, metastatic pancreatic cancer; mPFS, median progression‐free survival; NLR, neutrophil‐to lymphocyte ratio; PLR, platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio; sTGF‐β, soluble transforming growth factor‐beta.