Table 1. Characteristics of subjects (n=331).
| Characteristic | No. of subjects (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n=331) | AD (n=137) | Non-AD (n=194) | ||
| Male | 142 (42.9) | 51 (37.2) | 91 (46.9) | |
| Delivery method | ||||
| Vaginal delivery | 225 (68.0) | 92 (67.2) | 133 (68.6) | |
| Cesarean section | 106 (32.0) | 45 (32.8) | 61 (31.4) | |
| Season of birth | ||||
| Spring | 82 (24.8) | 35 (25.6) | 47 (24.2) | |
| Summer | 73 (22.1) | 25 (18.2) | 48 (24.7) | |
| Autumn | 99 (29.9) | 45 (32.8) | 54 (27.8) | |
| Winter | 77 (23.3) | 32 (23.4) | 45 (23.2) | |
| Maternal history of allergic diseases | 95 (28.7) | 41 (29.9) | 54 (27.8) | |
| Presence of older siblings | 162 (48.9) | 70 (51.1) | 92 (47.4) | |
| Pet ownership during pregnancy | 20 (6.0) | 9 (6.6) | 11 (5.7) | |
| Exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 months | 106 (32.0) | 43 (31.4) | 63 (32.5) | |
| Antibiotic treatment during the first 6 months | 129 (39.0) | 60 (43.8) | 69 (35.6) | |
| Cord blood measurements* | ||||
| Total IgE (IU/ml) | 0.3 (0–100.0) | 0.2 (0–10.2) | 0.3 (0–100.0) | |
| Eosinophils (%) | 3.0 (0–14.0) | 2.9 (0–14.0) | 3.0 (0–13.0) | |
| IL-13 (pg/ml) | 1,271.4 (20.1–6,574.6) | 1,044.5 (26.3–5,955.7) | 1,513.0 (20.1–6,574.6) | |
| IFN-γ (pg/ml) | 294.3 (0–2,923.7) | 233.4 (0–2,923.7) | 324.4 (0–2,450.8) | |
*Values are presented as median (range).