| GSE | Grape Seed Extract |
| FTIR | Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy |
| XRD | X-ray diffraction |
| DSC | Differential scanning calorimetry |
| HP-β-CD | 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin |
| DPPH | 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl |
| GSP | Grape seed proanthocyanidin |
| DNPH | 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine |
| BPB | Bromophenol blue |
| MP | Myofibrillar protein |
| SDS-PAGE | Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis |
| TBHQ | Tertiary butylhydroquinone |
| -S-S- | Disulfide bonds |
| MHC | Myosin heavy chain |