Table 1.
Differentially expressed proteins in the nude mice skin under UVA- and UVB-inducing.
| Spot No. | Protein | Accession No. | Mw (kDa) |
pI | Matched- Peptides | SCORE (a) (Sequence Coverage %) | Ratios (b) | Biological Function | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UVA/CTL | UVB/CTL | p-Value (c) | ||||||||
| 1 | Stratifin (1433S) | O70456 | 27.803 | 4.72 | 12 | 101 (48%) | −6.62 ± 0.07 | −0.92 ± 0.04 | 0.002 | Involved in the regulation of both general and specialized signaling pathways. It also controls protein synthesis and epithelial cell growth via protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (Akt/mTOR) pathway. |
| 2 | Skin aspartic protease (SASP) | Q09PK2 | 33.637 | 5.07 | 11 | 65 (24%) | −5.84 ± 0.02 | −0.32 ± 0.06 | 0.037 | Majorly expresses in the epidermis and hair follicles. |
| 3 | Cytokeratin-14 (K1C14) |
Q61781 | 53.176 | 5.10 | 37 | 329 (71%) | 7.67 ± 0.02 | −0.57 ± 0.02 | 0.005 | Enhances KRT5-KRT14 filaments to self-organize into large bundles and promotes the properties related to resilience of keratin intermediate filaments. |
| 4 | 40S Ribosomal protein SA (RSSA) | P14206 | 32.935 | 4.80 | 10 | 90 (34%) | −1.89 ± 0.02 | −0.57 ± 0.04 | 0.055 | Involved in cell adhesion to the basement membrane and activation of signaling transduction cascades. |
| 5 | Serpin B5/Maspin (SPB5) | P70124 | 42.484 | 5.55 | 18 | 195 (66%) | −2.96 ± 0.06 | −0.86 ± 0.01 | 0.037 | Inhibits the growth, invasion, and metastatic properties of mammary tumors. |
| 6 | Cathepsin D (CATD) | P18242 | 45.381 | 6.71 | 13 | 134 (31%) | −5.92 ± 0.01 | 0.55 ± 0.02 | 0.049 | Regulation in intracellular protein breakdown. |
| 7 | α-enolase (ENOA) | P17182 | 47.322 | 6.7 | 24 | 231 (58%) | −3.18 ± 0.04 | −1.53 ± 0.01 | 0.042 | Multifunctional enzyme to play a role in various processes including growth control, hypoxia tolerance, and allergic responses. |
| 8 | Cytokeratin-10 (K1C10) | P02535 | 57.178 | 5.00 | 12 | 71 (19%) | 6.52 ± 0.03 | −2.86 ± 0.02 | 0.008 | Establishment of the epidermal barrier on skin. |
| 9 | Lactoylglutathione lyase (LGUL) | Q9CPU0 | 20.967 | 5.24 | 13 | 139 (55%) | −1.59 ± 0.01 | 1.64 ± 0.02 | 0.003 | Regulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-mediated activation of NF-kappa-B. |
| 10 | Protein disulfide-isomerase A3 (PDIA3) | P27773 | 57.099 | 5.88 | 27 | 260 (50%) | −2.23 ± 0.04 | −0.28 ± 0.02 | 0.084 | Induces the rearrangement of -S–S- bonds in proteins. |
| 11 | Heat shock 27 kDa protein (HSP27) | P14602 | 23.057 | 6.12 | 7 | 77 (35%) | 4.52 ± 0.03 | 1.86 ± 0.02 | 0.014 | Functions as a molecular chaperone to maintain denatured proteins in a folding-competent state. |
| 12 | Translationally-controlled tumor protein (TCTP) | P63028 | 19.592 | 4.72 | 12 | 103 (44%) | −2.52 ± 0.06 | 0.56 ± 0.02 | 0.038 | Calcium binding and microtubule stabilization. |
| 13 | Proteasome subunit alpha type-5 (PSA5) | Q9Z2U1 | 26.565 | 4.74 | 11 | 104 (56%) | −1.52 ± 0.03 | 2.86 ± 0.02 | 0.004 | Component of the 20S core proteasome complex linked to the degradation of intracellular proteins. |
| 14 | Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor 2 (GDIR2) | Q61599 | 22.894 | 4.97 | 9 | 98 (69%) | −0.32 ± 0.13 | 0.86 ± 0.46 | 0.024 | Involved in reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton through Rho family members. |
| 15 | Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor 1 (GDIR1) | Q99PT1 | 23.450 | 5.12 | 14 | 133 (59%) | −1.36 ± 0.08 | −0.56 ± 0.02 | 0.005 | Modulates Rho proteins homeostasis. |
| 16 | 60S acidic ribosomal protein P0 (RLA0) | P14869 | 34.366 | 5.91 | 8 | 79 (41%) | −0.38± 0.03 | −0.58±0.04 | 0.086 | Playing a pivotal role in the interaction of the ribosome with GTP-bound translation factors. |
| 17 | Beta-actin (ACTB; Frag.) | P60710 | 42.052 | 5.29 | 7 | 85 (47%) | −0.89 ± 0.01 | 1.64 ± 0.02 | 0.004 | Actin exists in both monomeric (G-actin) and polymeric (F-actin) forms to regulate functions including cell motility and contraction. It also localizes in the nucleus to control gene transcription, motility and repair of damaged DNA. |
(a) Mouse NCBIprot 20180429 (152462470 sequences; 55858910152 residues); (b) Ratios to control demonstrated the fold changes of protein volume between UVA- and UVB-exposed subjects versus control samples, respectively. “+” meant upregulation and “−” indicated downregulation of protein volume; (c) p-values were produced by analyzing the gel images with Prodigy SameSpotsTM software. p < 0.05 was considered significant for the differences.