Figure 8.
The assessment of sperm penetration during mouse and swine in vitro fertilization (IVF) using a low sperm concentration. Successful sperm penetration was assessed in both mouse (A) and swine (B) IVF models after 5–6 h of co-incubation in the fertilization droplet. Spermatozoa were pre-treated with either DMSO (Control) or GSTO inhibitor for 25 min before being placed in capacitation-inducing medium. Mouse sperm were incubated with cumulus–oophorus complexes at a concentration of 1 × 105/mL and boar sperm was incubated with in vitro matured swine oocytes at a concentration of 1 × 104/mL. Oocytes were washed and culture for 8 h (mouse) or 16 h (swine). Oocytes were fixed and stained with DAPI to assess pronuclear formation and sperm penetration. Statistical significance was assessed through a t-test with Welch’s correction. The data represent the adjusted average of three replicates and error bars represent standard error. Statistical significance is denoted by *.