Table 1.

Baseline patient characteristics, comorbidities, mobility, pain, depression, and substance use

Characteristic	Cases	Controls	P-value
Female patients – n (%)	11 (44.0)	11 (45.8)	0.897
Age - mean years (SD)	53.68 (12.77)	55.42 (10.64)	0.7564
Hemodialysis vintage - n (%)			0.639
< 1 year	4 (16.0)	5 (20.8)
1–5 years	15 (60.0)	10 (41.7)
> 5–10 years	4 (16.0)	6 (25.0)
> 10 years	2 (8.0)	3 (12.5)
Ethnicity - n (%)			0.972
African-American	24 (96.0)	23 (95.8)
Caucasian	1 (4.0)	1 (4.2)
Comorbidities - n (%)
Diabetes	8 (36.0)	8 (33.3)	0.844
Hypertension	18 (72.0)	24 (100.0)	0.008
Coronary artery disease	7 (28.0)	5 (20.1)	0.523
Congestive heart failure	7 (28.0)	8 (33.3)	0.690
Charlson Comorbidity Index - median (IQR)b	6 (4–8)	5 (3.5–7)	0.23
Degree of mobility - n (%)
Fully mobile without assistance	8 (32)	20 (83)	< 0.001
Reliant on cane	11 (44)	3 (12.5)	0.015
Reliant on walker	8 (32)	1 (4.2)	0.012
Reliant on wheelchair	2 (8)	0 (0)	0.157
Health limitation score (KD-QOL) median (IQR)a,b	35 (10–85)	60 (45–95)	0.02
Degree of bodily pain in preceding weeks - n (%)			< 0.001
None	3 (12)	10 (41.7)
Very mild/mild	3 (12)	11 (45.8)
Moderate	3 (12)	1 (4.2)
Severe/very severe	16 (64)	2 (8.3)
PHQ-9 Depression score - n (%)			0.016
None	7 (28)	17 (70.8)
Mild	7 (28)	5 (20.8)
Moderate	4 (16)	2 (8.3)
Moderately Severe	5 (20)	0 (0)
Severe	2 (8)	0 (0)
Alcohol and substance use
Ever use illicit drugs	12 (48)	7 (29.2)	0.176
Ever use alcohol	14 (56)	7 (29.2)	0.06
In methadone/suboxone program	3 (12)	0 (0)	0.08
Currently use alcohol	1 (4)	2 (8.3)	0.527
Currently use illicit drugs	5 (20.8)	1 (4.2)	0.081

^alower scores signify greater limitations

^b25–75% interquartile range